Aksara Ulu is an ancient written cultural heritage that developed in the inland region of South Sumatra, including Lubuk Linggau City. This study aims to examine the existence, transformation, and preservation efforts of Aksara Ulu in Lubuk Linggau within a modern context. The method used is descriptive qualitative, utilizing primary data in the form of archives, ancient manuscripts, field observations, and interviews, as well as secondary data from books, journals, and other supporting documents. The results show that the existence of Aksara Ulu in Lubuk Linggau is evidenced by the discovery of ancient manuscripts made of bamboo (gelumpay), buffalo horn, and other traditional media. In the past, this script was used for customary purposes, medicine, law, family genealogy, and social communication. Historically, Aksara Ulu in Lubuk Linggau is closely related to the writing tradition of the Musi Ulu region and shows similarities to the Rejang Script (KaGaNga) in Bengkulu. However, the use of this script has declined due to the influence of colonialism, the introduction of Jawi script, the dominance of the Latin alphabet, and weak intergenerational transmission. Preservation efforts have been carried out through digitalization, literacy training, development of learning media, integration into arts and culture, and policies of the Lubuk Linggau City Government through local content curricula in elementary and junior high schools. This study concludes that Aksara Ulu is not only valuable as a historical legacy but also has strategic potential as a local cultural identity relevant to be developed in the modern era.