<![CDATA[This study aims to describe the physical and inner structures of poems written by Grade XI students at SMA Negeri 1 Bengkulu City during the 2025/2026 academic year. A descriptive-qualitative method was employed. The research data consisted of 92 student-authored poems collected through documentation techniques. The research instrument was an analysis sheet based on the theory of poetic physical and inner structures. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles and Huberman model, comprising data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that all student poems contain elements of both physical and inner structures. Regarding physical structure, all students utilized connotative diction. Imagery included visual, auditory, and kinetic forms with visual imagery predominating while the stylistic devices employed encompassed comparison, contrast, and repetition, with comparison (specifically personification) being the most dominant. Rhyme patterns included assonance and free verse, with free verse (lacking a fixed sound pattern) being the most frequently used; typography included left-aligned, center-aligned, and zigzag styles, with left-alignment predominating. Concerning inner structure, the themes addressed included life, romance, family, nature, friendship, religion, and social issues, with the theme of life being the most dominant. Expressed emotions included happiness, longing, sympathy, and anger, with happiness being the most dominant. Poetic tones included storytelling, advisory, and inspirational, with the storytelling tone being the most common; the atmospheres evoked included sympathy and emotional resonance, with emotional resonance predominating. The messages conveyed in the poems generally emphasized the importance of persistence, self-confidence, valuing family, accepting loss with grace, maintaining interpersonal relationships, and respecting and preserving the environment. Thus, the student's poem demonstrates the application of the elements that constitute a poem encompassing both its physical and inner structures.]]>
