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All Journal International Journal of Post-Axial: Futuristic Teaching and Learning
Suhari
Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya, Indonesia
Religion Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences Other

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Problem-Based Learning LKPD Assisted by Jmol to Improve Critical Thinking Skills and Understanding of Molecular Shape Concepts Aqib Khusnul; Suhari; Retno Danu Rusmawati
International Journal of Post Axial: Futuristic Teaching and Learning Vol. 4 No. 3 September 2026: International Journal of Post-Axial
Publisher : Yayasan Azhar Amanaa Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59944/postaxial.v4i3.1684

Abstract

Learning chemistry on molecular matter faces challenges because the concept is abstract and requires the ability to understand three-dimensional representations and think critically. The initial conditions at MA Al-Ishlah Paciran Lamongan show that students still have difficulty visualizing the shape of molecules, analyzing problems, giving reasons, and drawing conclusions. This research aims to develop LKPD based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) assisted by Jmol software that is valid, practical, and effective to support critical thinking skills and concept understanding. The research uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE Lee and Owens model which includes analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research subjects consisted of two material experts, two media experts, two chemistry teachers, and 32 students of class X. Validation results showed that the percentage of material experts was 88.16% and media experts were 95.65%, with an average of 92.26% categorized as very valid. Practicality obtained 90.63% response from teachers and 76.54% from students. Effectiveness was shown through an increase in the average score from 37.97 to 76.56, an N-Gain of 0.626, and 75% of students achieved KKM. Thus, LKPD is declared valid, practical, and effective in supporting chemistry learning based on problem solving and three-dimensional visualization.
Co-Authors Aqib Khusnul Rusmawati, Retno Danu