SULISTYONO, JOKO
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Strengthening Commercial Court Judges’ Knowledge in Handling Patent Claim Disputes: A Comparison Between Japan and Indonesia. Sulistyono, Joko; Hartiwiningsih, Hartiwiningsih; Handayani, I Gusti Ayu Ketut Rachmi; Katagiri, Kazuaki
Susbtantive Justice International Journal of Law Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Substantive Justice International Journal of Law
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56087/substantivejustice.v8i1.320

Abstract

This study aims to identify the substantive challenges that Commercial Court judges face when making decisions in patent claim disputes within the Indonesian Commercial Courts. These difficulties arise from the close link between patent claims and novel technological inventions. In Indonesia, However, the performance of Alternative Dispute Resolution mechanisms for patent disputes has been underwhelming, and they do not appear poised to become the primary resolution approach. The research primarily relies on a literature review, but also includes interviews with Commercial Court judges in Central Jakarta, and Japanese Judges in Japan IP Court, and patent Examiner in Japan Patent Office, to confirm the findings. From this study, Japan's system, which involves Court Researchers and an Expert Committee, has been found to provide judges with greater confidence and expertise in handling patent disputes. The Japanese model incorporates technical experts who assist the court in understanding the complexities of patent claims and novel technological inventions, which helps the judges make more informed decisions. This paper will explore the key features of the Japanese patent litigation system and examine how they could be adapted to address the challenges faced by the Indonesian Commercial Courts.
BAD FAITH REGISTRATION AND WELL-KNOWN TRADEMARK PROTECTION IN INDONESIAN LAW Kusumowardono, Adityo; Sulistyono, Joko; Hamid, Adnan; Iriantoro, Agung; Nur Hidayati, Maslihati
TANJUNGPURA LAW JOURNAL Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): VOLUME 10 NUMBER 2, 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/tlj.v10i2.107315

Abstract

AbstractTrademark applications filed in bad faith remain an important issue in Indonesian trademark law. The problem is not limited to the administrative process of registration, but also concerns legal certainty, the protection of legitimate trademark owners, and the creation of fair business competition. This study examines how Indonesian law regulates and assesses bad faith in trademark registration, and how far this regulation is consistent with international trademark protection standards, particularly the Paris Convention and the TRIPs Agreement. The legal issue addressed in this study arises from the absence of clear and consistent criteria for determining bad faith, both during trademark examination and in trademark dispute resolution. The novelty of this study lies in positioning good faith as a substantive standard, rather than merely a formal requirement in trademark registration. In this sense, good faith is used to assess whether an application has been filed honestly, reasonably, and without the intention of taking advantage of another party’s reputation or legal rights. This research uses a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The legal materials examined include the Indonesian Law on Trademarks and Geographical Indications, the Paris Convention, the TRIPs Agreement, legal doctrines on trademark protection, and relevant court decisions concerning bad faith. The findings show that Indonesian law already provides a normative basis for refusing or cancelling trademarks filed in bad faith. However, its application still faces difficulties in interpretation, proof, and consistency of legal reasoning. Therefore, clearer indicators of bad faith are needed, along with stronger substantive examination by the trademark office, greater consistency in court decisions, and better harmonization between Indonesian trademark law and international trademark protection standards. These improvements are necessary to prevent opportunistic trademark registration, protect legitimate trademark owners, and strengthen legal certainty within Indonesia’s trademark protection system. Abstrak Permohonan pendaftaran merek yang diajukan dengan itikad tidak baik masih menjadi salah satu persoalan penting dalam hukum merek Indonesia. Persoalan ini tidak hanya berkaitan dengan aspek administratif pendaftaran, tetapi juga menyangkut kepastian hukum, perlindungan terhadap pemilik merek yang sah, dan terciptanya persaingan usaha yang sehat. Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana hukum Indonesia mengatur dan menilai itikad tidak baik dalam pendaftaran merek, serta sejauh mana pengaturan tersebut telah sejalan dengan standar perlindungan merek dalam instrumen internasional, khususnya Paris Convention dan TRIPs Agreement. Permasalahan yang hendak dijawab dalam penelitian ini berangkat dari belum  adanya ukuran yang cukup tegas dan konsisten dalam menentukan adanya itikad tidak baik, baik pada tahap pemeriksaan merek maupun dalam proses penyelesaian sengketa. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada penempatan prinsip itikad baik sebagai standar substantif, bukan sekadar syarat formal dalam pendaftaran merek. Dengan demikian, itikad baik digunakan untuk menilai apakah suatu permohonan diajukan secara jujur, wajar, dan tidak bertujuan mengambil keuntungan dari reputasi atau hak pihak lain. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan perbandingan hukum. Bahan hukum yang dianalisis meliputi Undang-Undang Merek dan Indikasi Geografis, Paris Convention, TRIPs Agreement, doktrin hukum merek, serta putusan yang relevan mengenai itikad tidak baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hukum Indonesia telah menyediakan dasar normatif untuk menolak atau membatalkan merek yang diajukan dengan itikad tidak baik. Namun, penerapannya masih menghadapi kendala dalam hal penafsiran, pembuktian, dan konsistensi pertimbangan hukum. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan perumusan indikator itikad tidak baik yang lebih jelas, penguatan pemeriksaan substantif oleh otoritas merek, konsistensi putusan pengadilan, serta harmonisasi hukum merek nasional dengan standar perlindungan merek internasional. Penguatan ini penting untuk mencegah pendaftaran merek secara oportunistik, melindungi pemilik merek yang sah, dan memperkuat kepastian hukum dalam sistem perlindungan merek Indonesia.