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All Journal Narra J
Bryan A. Wijaya
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Tarumanagara, Jakarta, Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Hypoxia-conditioned mesenchymal stem cell secretome for anal sphincter injury: A preclinical study of tissue repair and regenerative outcomes Leecarlo ML. Gaol; Bryan A. Wijaya; Yohanes Firmansyah; Fiona V. Setiawan; Yuliana SK. Prabaningrum
Narra J Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): December 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v6i3.3142

Abstract

Fecal incontinence may arise following anal sphincter injury, yet currently available treatments have limited capacity to restore sphincter integrity. The secretome derived from hypoxia-conditioned mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represents a potential cell-free regenerative therapy because of its putative immunomodulatory and tissue-remodeling properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hypoxia-conditioned human umbilical cord MSC secretome on inflammation, fibrosis, collagen deposition, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha gene (HIF-1A) expression following sphincterotomy. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned to receive either hypoxia-conditioned MSC secretome or 0.9% NaCl after surgical sphincterotomy. Histopathological evaluations using hematoxylin and eosin and Masson’s trichrome staining were conducted at 24 hours and 42 days, and HIF-1A was assessed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). At day 42, inflammation scores were numerically lower in the secretome group than in the control group, although the between-group difference was not statistically significant (0.00±0.00 vs 0.25±0.25; p=0.317). Fibrosis scores showed a similar numerical pattern without a significant difference (3.25±0.25 vs 3.50±0.29; p=0.495). Conversely, the secretome group exhibited numerically greater collagen area (79.93±11.11×10⁴ µm² vs 59.25±7.44×10⁴ µm²; p=0.149) and percentage collagen area (68.81±4.48% vs 56.07±3.29%; p=0.083), but neither difference reached statistical significance. HIF-1A expression was also numerically higher in the secretome group at day 42, without a statistically significant between-group difference (27.47±0.38 vs 26.44±0.54; p=0.149). Although the secretome group exhibited numerically lower inflammation and fibrosis scores and greater collagen deposition and HIF-1A expression, these differences were not statistically significant. Further adequately powered studies incorporating functional, histological, and molecular endpoints are required to clarify the regenerative potential of hypoxia-conditioned MSC secretome in anal sphincter injury.
Maternal medical conditions and parenting styles as determinants of child emotional, developmental, and growth outcomes: A community-based pilot study in urban slum areas Ernawati Ernawati; Yohanes Firmansyah; Alexander H. Santoso; Fransisca IR. Dewi; Agustina Agustina; Monika Monika; Bryan A. Wijaya; Diana Dinali; Shirly Gunawan; Hendsun Hendsun
Narra J Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): December 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v6i3.3143

Abstract

Children living in urban slums are exposed to intersecting biological and psychosocial vulnerabilities, yet the relative roles of maternal health and parenting in child development remain unclear. This study aimed to examine correlations of maternal health characteristics and parenting styles with child developmental, emotional-behavioral, and nutritional measures and to explore their structural relationships. A community-based cross-sectional pilot study was conducted among mother–child dyads in West Jakarta, Indonesia. Child measures included the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Pre-Screening Developmental Questionnaire (PDQ), and nutritional-status deviation. Maternal health characteristics included blood pressure, anthropometry, body composition, hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, uric acid, and lipid profiles. Parenting styles were assessed using the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ). Spearman’s rank correlation and Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling were applied. Permissive parenting was negatively correlated with hyperactivity (r=−0.260; p<0.05), while no significant correlations were observed for authoritarian or authoritative parenting. Developmental-deficit scores were positively correlated with several maternal measures, including systolic blood pressure (r=0.401; p<0.01), body weight (r=0.340; p<0.01), fasting blood glucose (r=0.356; p<0.01), and triglycerides (r=0.299; p<0.05), and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein (r=−0.413; p<0.01). Maternal hemoglobin was negatively correlated with emotional-problem scores (r=−0.263; p<0.05). The PLS-SEM models explained 25.2–29.6% of the variance in SDQ scores and 23.3–26.0% in PDQ developmental-deficit scores, with maternal health-related pathways showing greater consistency across models than parenting-related pathways. Maternal health characteristics were more consistently related to child developmental and emotional-behavioral measures than parenting styles in this urban-slum population. These findings support further longitudinal studies integrating maternal health and parenting factors.
Co-Authors Agustina Agustina Alexander H. Santoso Diana Dinali Ernawati Ernawati Fiona V. Setiawan Fransisca IR. Dewi Hendsun Hendsun Leecarlo ML. Gaol Monika Monika Shirly Gunawan Yohanes Firmansyah Yuliana SK. Prabaningrum