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Senti Dwi Suryani
Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Abdurrab
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

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Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Activity of n-Hexane Fraction of Java Long Pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl) Leaves Using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) Method Senti Dwi Suryani; Kony Putriani; Nadya Putri Auliya Serawaidi
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Abdurrab Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): Volume 4 Nomor 3 September 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Abdurrab

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Abstract

Java Long Pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl.) is a plant known to contain various secondary metabolites and exhibit a wide range of biological activities. However, information regarding the cytotoxic potential of the n-hexane fraction from Jawa Long Pepper leaves remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of the n-hexane fraction from Jawa Long Pepper (P. retrofractum) leaves using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Jawa Long Pepper leaves were extracted by maceration using methanol, and the extract was then fractionated by liquid-liquid using n-hexane. The obtained fractions underwent phytochemical screening and were tested for toxicity against Artemia salina larvae at concentrations of 10, 100, and 1000 µg/mL. Larval mortality was observed after a 24 hour incubation period, and the LC₅₀ values were determined using probit analysis. The results showed that larval mortality increased with increasing fraction concentration, with mortality rates of 26.6%, 63.3%, and 96.6%, respectively. The LC₅₀ value for the n-hexane fraction was determined to be approximately 38.1 µg/mL. These results indicate that the n-hexane fraction of P. retrofractum leaves exhibits strong cytotoxic potential against A. salina and may serve as a basis for further research on its active compounds and cytotoxic mechanisms.
Co-Authors Nadya Putri Auliya Serawaidi Putriani, Kony