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All Journal Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Science, and Innovation AME (Aplikasi Mekanika dan Energi) : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Mesin
Agus Supriyanto
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang
Control & Systems Engineering Energy Engineering Mechanical Engineering Other

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Photovoltaic Performance Analysis of TiO₂–Al₂O₃–Activated Carbon Composite Photoanodes Sensitized with Mixed Natural Dyes For Low-Power DSSC Applications Muhammad Rahmantio Septiana; Ade Suhara; Muhamad Taufik Ulhakim; Khoirudin Khoirudin; Sukarman Sukarman; Amir Amir; Dhea Intan Patya; Agus Supriyanto
AME (Aplikasi Mekanika dan Energi): Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Mesin Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Ibn Khaldun Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32832/ame.v12i2.2663

Abstract

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) have attracted considerable attention as environmentally friendly photovoltaic devices for low-power energy applications. This study investigates the synergistic effects of a TiO₂–Al₂O₃–activated carbon (AC) composite photoanode and mixed natural dyes derived from Beta vulgaris, Brassica oleracea, and Clitoria ternatea on DSSC performance. The photoanode was fabricated by combining TiO₂, Al₂O₃, and activated carbon at a mass ratio of 8:1:1 and deposited onto indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates using a screen-printing technique. The mixed natural dye was characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy, while the composite photoanode was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Photovoltaic performance was evaluated through current density–voltage (J–V) measurements under illumination from an 8 W white LED lamp. The UV–Vis results revealed broad absorption across the visible-light region, indicating enhanced light-harvesting capability. XRD analysis confirmed the presence of anatase TiO₂ as the dominant crystalline phase, while SEM observations showed a porous morphology favorable for dye adsorption and electrolyte diffusion. The fabricated DSSC achieved a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 0.075 mA cm⁻², an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.65 V, a fill factor (FF) of 0.22, and a power conversion efficiency (η) of 0.01075%, which is slightly higher than the efficiencies previously reported for several natural dye-based DSSCs. These findings demonstrate that the synergistic integration of TiO₂–Al₂O₃–AC composites and mixed natural dyes improves the photovoltaic performance of natural dye-based DSSCs while offering a functional and environmentally friendly system with potential for sustainable low-power energy harvesting applications.
Performance Enhancement of Motorcycle Engines Using Lemongrass Oil-Based Fuel Additive Pangga Urip Setio Budi; Ade Suhara; Agus Supriyanto; Dhea Intan Patya; Khoirudin Khoirudin; Rizki Aulia Nanda
Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Science, and Innovation Vol 5, No 2 (2025): (October)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31284/j.jmesi.2025.v5i2.7778

Abstract

The increasing number of motor vehicles has led to higher fuel consumption, especially among two-wheeled vehicles, contributing to elevated emissions of hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO). This study investigates the potential of lemongrass oil (LO) as natural additive to reduce exhaust emissions from RON 92 fuel. The LO was extracted via maceration and characterized by its physical properties, including density (0.893 g/mL), viscosity (5.30 mPa.s), and boiling point (222 °C), consistent with pure LO standards. The additive as then blended into RON 92 fuel in concentration of 10 mL, 15 mL, and 20 mL per 1000 mL of fuel to determine its optimal performance. Results showed that a 20 mL addition yielded the highest reduction in HC and CO emissions, respectively 49.76% and 46.24%. Furthermore, engine performance improved, with power increasing by 0.27 HP and torque by 0.21 Nm within an engine speed range of 5200-5700 rpm. These outcomes suggest that LO enhances combustion efficiency and reduces emissions. The findings highlight the potential of LO as an environmentally friendly fuel additive and supprt ongoing efforts to develop sustainable alternatives to conventional fossil fuels in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Ade Suhara Ade Suhara Amir Amir Dhea Intan Patya Dhea Intan Patya Khoirudin Khoirudin Khoirudin Khoirudin Muhamad Taufik Ulhakim Muhammad Rahmantio Septiana Pangga Urip Setio Budi Rizki Aulia Nanda Sukarman Sukarman