Maintaining sustainable employee performance amid industry dynamics and organizational transformation requires more than individual competence or work adaptability. It is also influenced by employees’ perceptions of how they understand values and derive meaning from their work. This study extends the understanding of sustainable employee performance by demonstrating that work meaningfulness functions as a psychological mechanism through which ethical communication, self-efficacy, and workforce agility are translated into sustainable employee performance. The research employed a descriptive quantitative design involving 173 employees of PT BSI Tbk, Jakarta Thamrin Area, as respondents. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine both direct and indirect relationships among the research constructs. The findings revealed that communication ethics, self-efficacy, and workforce agility significantly influenced and enhanced work meaningfulness. Workforce agility and work meaningfulness directly contributed to sustainable employee performance, whereas communication ethics and self-efficacy did not have a significant direct effect. However, these variables significantly contributed to sustainable employee performance through the mediating role of work meaningfulness. This study identifies work meaningfulness as a critical mechanism for fostering sustainable employee performance. The results indicate that confidence in adaptability and work capabilities, as well as the role of ethical communication, do not automatically lead to sustainable performance; rather, their contributions become stronger when employees consciously perceive their work as valuable and meaningful. By integrating communication ethics, self-efficacy, and workforce agility into an explanatory model, this study extends the application of Social Cognitive Theory and provides contextual insights into sustainable employee performance within the Islamic banking sector.