<![CDATA[Background: Neonatal emergencies are critical conditions in newborns that require immediate treatment because they contribute to high neonatal mortality rates. The WHO reported 2.3 million neonatal deaths in 2022. In Lampung Province in 2024, 591 neonatal deaths were recorded. A preliminary study at Bhayangkara Hospital and Bintang Amin Hospital in Bandar Lampung identified 201 cases of neonatal emergencies and 5 neonatal deaths between January and October 2025. Purpose: To identify factors associated with neonatal emergencies at Bintang Amin Hospital Method: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted at Bintang Amin Hospital in Bandar Lampung from January to April 2026. A sample of 188 newborns was selected using purposive sampling from a population of 352 neonates. Data were obtained from medical records, including gestational age, maternal medical history, mode of delivery, birth weight, and occurrence of neonatal emergencies. Data analysis used the chi-square test. Results: Frequency distribution of mothers aged 20–35 years (75%), with a high school education (50.5%), unemployed (59%), with no history of illness (60.6%), who had a normal delivery (58.5%), primiparous (51.1%), non-preterm gestational age (56.4%), assisted by a midwife (58.5%), and infants born with normal birth weight (80.3%). The incidence of neonatal asphyxia was 53.25%. Gestational age (p=0.001; OR=3.091), maternal medical history (p=0.005; OR=2.448), type of delivery (p=0.004; OR=2.500), and birth weight (p=0.006; OR=2.951). Conclusion: There is an association between gestational age, maternal medical history, mode of delivery, and birth weight and the incidence of neonatal emergencies. Recommendations include optimizing efforts for the early detection of risk factors during pregnancy, delivery, and immediately after birth to reduce the incidence of neonatal emergencies.]]>
