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All Journal Journal of Social and Humanities Economy and Finance Enthusiastic
Rekho Adriadi
Department of Public Administration, Universitas Muhammadiyah Bengkulu, Indonesia
Religion Arts Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Political Dynamics of Village Head Elections and Community Empowerment Outcomes: A Comparative Study Across Bengkulu Districts Rekho Adriadi; Titi Darmi; Tri Agustin; Oktari Dwi Miranti
Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): January-June
Publisher : Tinta Emas Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59535/jsh.v1i1.730

Abstract

Village head elections (Pemilihan Kepala Desa, or Pilkades) are among the most consequential yet understudied political events in Indonesia’s decentralized governance system, determining not only who leads a village but also, indirectly, how subsequent development and empowerment programs are designed and distributed. Existing literature on Pilkades has documented the prevalence of patronage, vote-buying, and clientelistic campaign practices at the grassroots level, while a separate body of literature examines the outcomes of village-level community empowerment programs financed through instruments such as the Village Fund. These two literatures, however, are rarely connected: few studies trace the specific causal pathway linking electoral dynamics candidate strategies, patronage networks, and campaign promises to the concrete design and distributional outcomes of empowerment programs implemented after a winning candidate takes office. This study addresses that gap through a comparative case study employing process tracing across three villages located in three districts of Bengkulu Province, each having experienced a competitive Pilkades under Indonesia’s simultaneous village election framework. Drawing on key informant interviews, electoral campaign documentation, and post-election program evaluation reports, the study traces the causal chain connecting electoral strategy and patronage structure to subsequent empowerment program design and beneficiary targeting. Findings indicate that villages where election victory depended heavily on patronage networks and vote-buying subsequently exhibited empowerment programs skewed toward loyalist beneficiary groups and narrower participatory processes, whereas villages where election competition centered more on programmatic platforms exhibited broader-based, more participatory empowerment program design.
Productive Remittance Empowerment Through a Triangular Partnership: A Transnational Community Service Program Linking Bengkulu and Malaysia Rosidin Rosidin; Rekho Adriadi; Anisa Ice Trisnawati; Ratu Maruta Jingga
Economy and Finance Enthusiastic Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): January-June
Publisher : Tinta Emas Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59535/efe.v3i1.757

Abstract

Migrant workers’ remittances support household expenditure but do not necessarily lead to sustained productive assets when financial capability and institutional access remain limited. This article examines a 2025 transnational community service program linking Universitas Muhammadiyah Bengkulu, the Malaysian Special Branch of ‘Aisyiyah (PCIA Malaysia), regional government agencies, and two Sharia microfinance institutions. The participatory action research program enrolled 72 participants, including 41 migrants in Malaysia and 31 remittance-receiving family members in Bengkulu; 68 completed paired financial literacy assessments. Training combined six modules, joint transnational household sessions, business planning clinics, and institutional referral development. The mean composite financial literacy index rose from 42.8 to 76.4. At three-month follow-up, written budgeting was reported by 63.9% of tracked households compared with 11.5% at baseline, while dedicated savings instruments increased from 27.9% to 68.9%. Twenty-four enterprise plans were prepared, 18 assessed as bankable, 11 submitted for financing, and seven approved for a combined IDR 96.5 million. Nine enterprises were operational by November 2025. Productive remittance allocation increased from 8.3% to 21.6%. The partnership also established a memorandum of understanding, financial institution commitments, and an operating referral protocol. These findings document promising program outputs and reported behavioral change, although the absence of a control group limits causal attribution and longer-term sustainability remains unverified. The model illustrates how diaspora access, public-sector coordination, and financial services may be combined to strengthen household economic preparedness.
Co-Authors Anisa Ice Trisnawati Oktari Dwi Miranti Ratu Maruta Jingga Rosidin Rosidin Titi Darmi Tri Agustin