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Muhammad Syah Nadir Chan
Jakarta Urogynecology (JUN) Center, YPK Mandiri Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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Urethral Hypermobility and Levator Ani Ballooning in Primigravida: A Preliminary Report Gita Nurul Hidayah; Ayyada Khairunnisa; Muhammad Syah Nadir Chan; Fernandi Moegni; Firda Hanan Bahjah; Alfa Putri Meutia; Budi Iman Santoso
eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Vol 14, No. 2 - Agustus 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23886/ejki.14.1488.1

Abstract

Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) has been develop even before first delivery, with clinical manifestations frequently include pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and urinary incontinence (UI). This study aimed to characterize ultrasound-defined urethral hypermobility in strictly primigravid women during late pregnancy. This cross-sectional study included primigravid women (18–35 years) at  36 weeks gestation undergoing transperineal ultrasound. Urethral hypermobility was defined by alternating threshold, bladder neck descent (BND) >20.8 mm, or retrovesical angle (RVA) >141.5°, or urethral rotational angle (URA) >19.43°. Among 32 participants, urethral hypermobility was identified in 15 (46.9%) and levator ani ballooning in 2 (6.3%). RVA during Valsalva was potentially significant differ in women with hypermobility than in those without (138.3 ± 26.3° vs. 92.5 ± 33.2°, p<0.001). No significant differences were found in URA or BND.  Dynamic urethral support changes are identifiable before the first delivery, with the most interesting finding was RVA during Valsalva potentially significant between groups.
Co-Authors Alfa Putri Meutia Ayyada Khairunnisa Budi Iman Santoso Fernandi Moegni Firda Hanan Bahjah Gita Nurul Hidayah