This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. The research population is students of class XI MIA MAS Mu'allimin UNIVA Medan with a sample of 30 students. The data collection technique was carried out through a questionnaire to measure the learning variables of nahwu shorof and a test to measure the ability to read the yellow book. The research instrument has met the validity requirements with a Corrected Item-Total Correlation value ranging from 0.674–0.739 (greater than the r of the table 0.361) as well as very high reliability with Cronbach's Alpha values of 0.918 and 0.907. Data analysis was carried out using simple linear regression, t-test, and F test with the help of the SPSS version 26 program. The results showed that the regression equation obtained was Y = 49.355 + 0.451X, which showed a positive relationship between learning nahwu shorof and the ability to read the yellow book. The results of the t-test showed a calculated t-value of 7.954 with a significance of 0.000 < 0.05, so that an alternative hypothesis was accepted. The results of the F test also showed an F-value of 63.270 with a significance of 0.000 < 0.05, which showed that the regression model was feasible and that the influence of independent variables on dependent variables was significant. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the learning of nahwu shorof has a positive and significant effect on the ability to read the yellow book in grade XI students of MIA Mas Mu'allimin UNIVA Medan. The better the learning of nahwu shorof that students receive, the higher their ability to read the yellow book. These findings show that learning nahwu shorof is one of the important factors in improving the ability to read the yellow book in the madrasah environment.