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All Journal Komunikasi Fisika Indonesia
Marlia Morsin
Universitas Riau
Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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Effect of growth temperature variation on the morphology and performance of dye-sensitized solar cells based on magnesium-doped  zinc oxide nanorods Iwantono Iwantono; Rihla Datul Aisy; Marlia Morsin; Friska Ziliwu
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 23, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.23.2.75-80

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of growth temperature variation on the morphology, optical properties, and performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) based on Mg-doped ZnO nanorods. The nanorods were synthesized using a seed-mediated hydrothermal method on FTO substrates with 4% Mg concentration and growth temperatures ranging from 70°C and 90°C. Material characterization was conducted using UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FESEM, and EDX. The results indicate that growth temperature significantly influences the structure and distribution of ZnO nanorods, affecting dye absorption and electron transport. Optimal temperature conditions produce more uniform morphology and enhance DSSC performance. Therefore, growth temperature is a key parameter in optimizing ZnO:Mg materials for solar cell applications. 
Synthesis and characterizataion of magnesium (Mg) doped ZnO nanomaterials with variations in growth time for DSSC applications Iwantono Iwantono; Fitriatunisa' Al-Fajri; Marlia Morsin; Friska Ziliwu
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 23, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.23.2.81-88

Abstract

This research aims to investigate the effect of growth time variation of magnesium-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Mg) nanomaterials on the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The synthesis method employed was the seed-mediated hydrothermal process, with a Mg doping concentration of 4% mol and growth times ranging from 9 and 10 hours. The variation of growth time was selected to analyze the relationship between the morphological evolution of ZnO:Mg nanorods and their optical properties as well as crystal structure. The samples were characterized using Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis) to study optical properties, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) to determine crystal structure, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) to observe morphology, and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) to identify elemental composition. The results showed that the variation of growth time affected the optical properties, crystal structure, morphology, and DSSC efficiency. The ZnO:Mg sample with an 9-hour growth time exhibited the highest absorbance of 1.45 a.u., the lowest band gap energy of 3.33 eV, and the best crystallinity with an FWHM value of 0.23° and a crystal size of 35.27 nm. FESEM analysis revealed denser and more homogeneous nanorod morphology, while EDX analysis showed the highest Mg content of 0.70% atomic percentage in the 9-hour sample.
Co-Authors Fitriatunisa' Al-Fajri Friska Ziliwu Iwantono Iwan Barnawi Rihla Datul Aisy