<![CDATA[Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in Indonesia, with a persistently high disease burden. The occurrence of pulmonary TB is influenced by both individual characteristics and residential environmental conditions. This study aimed to analyze the association between individual characteristics, housing environmental conditions, and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the working area of Muara Kelingi Primary Health Center. An analytical observational study with a case-control design was conducted. The study included case and control groups selected using simple random sampling. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the chi-square test at a 95% confidence level. The results showed that age, sex, nutritional status, income level, smoking habit, history of contact with tuberculosis patients, residential density, household lighting, and household humidity were significantly associated with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (p<0.05). In contrast, educational level was not significantly associated with pulmonary tuberculosis incidence (p>0.05). These findings indicate that pulmonary tuberculosis is influenced by a combination of individual and household environmental factors. Therefore, tuberculosis prevention and control efforts should be implemented comprehensively through promoting healthy behaviors, improving nutritional status, reducing smoking habits, strengthening contact investigation, and improving housing environmental conditions in accordance with public health standards.]]>
