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All Journal Jurnal Rekayasa Proses dan Industri Terapan
Muhammad Sobri Maulana
RSAU Prof. dr. Abdulrachman Saleh Jakarta
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT

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Comparative Robustness Evaluation of Code 128 and QR Codes under Controlled Degradation Muhammad Sobri Maulana; Dwitia Pratiwi; Arditya Prayogi
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses dan Industri Terapan Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Mei: Jurnal Rekayasa Proses dan Industri Terapan ( REPIT )
Publisher : Politeknik Kampar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59061/repit.v4i2.1548

Abstract

Barcode robustness is determined jointly by symbol configuration, image quality, degradation geometry, and decoder behavior. This study presents a reproducible matched computational benchmark comparing Code 128 and QR Code under Gaussian blur, synthetic low-light noise, glare, perspective and rotational distortion, and simulated physical damage. Twelve deterministic alphanumeric payloads were encoded in both formats and evaluated at five ordered severity levels with three generated replicates per cell, producing 1,800 decoding trials or 900 matched pairs using the same ZBar engine. QR Code achieved a higher overall correct-decoding rate than Code 128 (72.3% vs 68.8%; paired risk difference 3.56 percentage points, 95% CI 0.32 to 6.79; McNemar p=0.037). The difference increased under predefined severe conditions, while performance remained degradation-specific: QR Code was more tolerant of blur, low-light noise, and moderate geometric distortion, whereas Code 128 performed better under the tested glare and distributed-damage models. Two Code 128 misdecodes under extreme distortion illustrate the importance of treating false decoding separately from no-read outcomes. The principal contribution is a severity-dependent benchmark framework rather than a new decoding algorithm or a claim of universal symbology superiority. The findings apply to the tested software-generated configurations and require validation with printed labels, measured lighting, and physical scanners before operational deployment.
From Repeated Entry to Interoperability: A Synthetic Feasibility Study of Process Mining and FHIR R4 Redesign Muhammad Sobri Maulana; Dwitia Pratiwi; Arditya Prayogi
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses dan Industri Terapan Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): Agustus: Jurnal Rekayasa Proses dan Industri Terapan ( REPIT )
Publisher : Politeknik Kampar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59061/repit.v4i3.1549

Abstract

Fragmented hospital applications may require the same demographic, clinical, and administrative information to be entered repeatedly across roles and systems. This synthetic feasibility study develops an auditable framework that links field-level occurrence classification and process-variant analysis to a provisional Clinical Data Redundancy Index (CDRI) and a Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) R4 target architecture. A fixed-seed simulation generated 480 synthetic journeys across outpatient, emergency, medical check-up, and inpatient pathways, yielding 6,634 events and 96 complete-sequence variants. Repeated occurrences were classified as passive display, clinical confirmation, correction, or full re-entry; only correction and full re-entry entered the provisional CDRI calculation. Under the prespecified base scenario of 88% automation coverage and a 0.87 residual waiting-time factor, median manual-entry time decreased from 10.72 to 7.13 minutes (33.44%), while median journey time decreased from 250.73 to 233.45 minutes (6.89%). Simulated discrepancy opportunities decreased from 210 to 48 (77.14%). These values demonstrate the behavior of the proposed evaluation chain under stated assumptions; they are not estimates of hospital performance or clinical effectiveness. The methodological contribution is the integration of field lineage, process mining, provisional redundancy measurement, FHIR redesign, paired scenario analysis, and an explicit empirical-validation pathway. External calibration and prospective hospital validation are required before practical adoption.
Co-Authors Arditya Prayogi Dwitia Pratiwi