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All Journal Manna Rafflesia Coram Mundo: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Agama Kristen
Lyly Grace Mantiri
Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Rajawali Arastamar Indonesia Batam
Religion Humanities

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Pembenaran oleh Iman dan Kesatuan dalam Kristus Berdasarkan Galatia 2:15–21 Lyly Grace Mantiri
Coram Mundo: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Agama Kristen Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Coram Mundo : Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Agama Kristen
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Injili Arastamar (SETIA) Ngabang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/corammundo.v8i1.770

Abstract

This article examines justification by faith in Galatians 2:15–21 in light of the debate between the traditional interpretation of Paul and the New Perspective on Paul (NPP). The debate has focused particularly on the meaning of “works of the law” (erga nomou) and the nature of justification within Paul’s argument. The traditional interpretation, especially within the Reformation tradition, understands justification primarily in forensic terms, namely, God’s act of declaring sinners righteous on the basis of faith in Christ rather than on the basis of works of the law. By contrast, proponents of the NPP, particularly E. P. Sanders, James D. G. Dunn, N. T. Wright, and Scot McKnight, emphasize the socio-historical context of first-century Judaism and the function of the law as identity markers distinguishing the Jewish community from the Gentiles. Through an exegetical reading of Galatians 2:15–21 within the context of Paul’s confrontation with Peter at Antioch, this article argues that the forensic dimension of justification should not be separated from its social and ecclesiological implications. Justification by faith is God’s act of determining a person’s status before him, while simultaneously producing concrete consequences for relationships between Jewish and Gentile believers in Christ. Thus, Galatians 2:15–21 demonstrates the interconnection between justification, faith in Christ, death to the law, life for God, and the formation of God’s people beyond ethnic boundaries.
Markus, Injil Menurut Paulus: Yesus Memberitakan Yesus? Deky Hidnas Yan Nggadas; Lyly Grace Mantiri
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026): Oktober
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v13i1.704

Abstract

Did Jesus proclaim Himself? This research question arises from an observation of the longstanding debate within New Testament scholarship, particularly the conflict model proposed by the Tübingen School, which distinguishes between the gospel of Jesus (concerning the Kingdom of God) and the gospel of Paul (concerning Christ). This article aims to assess the validity of such a dichotomy by examining the literary-theological relationship between the Gospel of Mark and the Pauline epistles, especially in their use and interpretation of the term εὐαγγέλιον (gospel). This study employs a qualitative-descriptive method through literature review, combined with literary-theological observation and exegetical analysis of key texts in the Gospel of Mark. In addition, a limited quantitative approach is utilized to analyze the frequency of the term “gospel” within the New Testament corpus in order to establish lexical correlations between Mark and Paul. The findings indicate a substantive continuity between Jesus’ proclamation in Mark and the Pauline gospel. In Mark, the gospel of the Kingdom of God cannot be separated from the person of Jesus as the present and reigning King; the motif “for My sake and for the gospel” underscores that Jesus Himself constitutes the primary content of that proclamation. Therefore, the dichotomy between Jesus and Paul loses its persuasive force. Jesus in the Gospel of Mark is both the proclaimer and the content of the gospel—a theological resonance that strongly aligns with the Pauline gospel.
Co-Authors Deky Hidnas Yan Nggadas