This study develops an ecotheology-based transformation framework explaining how Islamic educational institutions translate ecological values into sustainable organizational systems. Environmental challenges require these institutions to move beyond fragmented programs toward systemic organizational transformation. Although Islamic ecotheology provides strong foundations for ecological responsibility, limited research explains how religious values operate as mechanisms for sustainability transformation. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) following PRISMA 2020 examined literature on Islamic education, sustainability, ecotheology, and organizational transformation. Thematic synthesis examined 32 studies to identify transformation mechanisms, enabling factors, and barriers. The findings show that Islamic ecotheology serves as a foundational value that shapes ecological identity and institutional commitment. Prophetic-transformational leadership translates these values into strategic action and collective commitment. Organizational structures, governance systems, and sustainability policies institutionalize ecological values in practices. Sustainability-oriented organizational culture strengthens ecological responsibility and continuity. Participation and collective learning reinforce sustainability initiatives through distributed responsibility. However, limited resources, fragmented governance, and insufficient institutional capacity constrain ecological transformation. The findings imply that transformation requires alignment among values, leadership, governance, culture, and participation rather than isolated programs. Theoretical implications include integrating religious value systems into sustainability transformation theory. Practical implications include embedding ecotheological principles in strategic planning, leadership development, governance, organizational culture, and practices.