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Effect of Fibres Length on Acoustic Properties of Betel Nut Husk (Areca Nut Husk) Fibers–Reinforced Epoxy Composites Putri Pratiwi; Hendriwan Fahmi; Georgery Saputra
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (JTM) Vol 9, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : LP2M - Institut Teknologi Padang

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The objective of this research is to determine the acoustic properties (sound absorption coefficient) in a various length of betelnut fibers. Betel nut fibers were obtain from local plantation in Padang as agro waste material and potentially used as sound absorber. In this study, we used betel nut fibers as a filler of composites and epoxy resin as a matrix using the ratio of volume fraction of 40% : 60%. We used three variations of fibers length such as 1 cm, 2 cm and 3 cm. The sound absorption coefficient of composites was studied using impedance tube method with 1000 Hz, 1500 Hz, 2000 Hz, and 2500 Hz frequency. The results showed that composite using 3 cm fibers length of betelnut husk would give the optimum sound absorption coefficient at 1500 Hz frequency, but composites with 1 cm fibers length showed a great performance as sound absorbing materials at various sound frequencies that have been tested. From this research shown that betelnut fiber composite give the optimum sound absorption coefficient at various fibres length and can be used as sound absorption materials, based on ISO standard 11654:1997.

Experimental Study of Wet Cells HHO Generator using Galvanized Steel Plate Electrodes Putri Pratiwi; Ahmad Fachrurrozi
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (JTM) Vol 10, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : LP2M - Institut Teknologi Padang

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Requirements of fuel oil increases along with the increasing their consumption in many sectors such as transportation, industrial and others. This issue has attracted great reseacher’s attention to find the alternative solution as a substitute for fossil fuel energy. Oxygen Hydrogen Hydrogen gas (HHO) can be used as one of this solution. HHO gas can be produced using wet cell HHO generator type. The objective of this research was to construct a simple wet cell HHO generator system and determine the performance of this generator. We use galvanized steel pelate as electrode with thickness 1,2 mm, NaOH catalyst in the electrolyte solution. The results showed that the HHO gas maximum productivity of the cell was 0,0022 L/h, the highest efficiency was 11% with a power consumption of 69.3 Watts.

The Effect of Volume Fraction on Acoustic Properties of Areca Nut Midrib Fibers Composites with Natural Adhesives Putri Pratiwi; Hendriwan Fahmi; Asmara Yanto; Idel Fitra Soni
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (JTM) Vol 10, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : LP2M - Institut Teknologi Padang

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Areca nut Midrib is one of agricultural waste that has many benefits to be recycled for household purposes such as plates, jars and others. Moreover, for many researchers, areca nut midrib fiber was used as a filler of composites material. From several studies it is known that this material has good potential as a filler in composites because of its good mechanical properties. In addition, this material is also considered as a good sound absorber. Therefore, this research will investigate the ability of sound absorption from this material in a various composition. We used Areca nut Midrib fibers as a filler and pine sap as a matrixof composite with a volume fraction of 70%: 30%, 75%: 25%, 80%: 20%, 85%: 15%, 90%: 10%. The sound absorption coefficient of composites was studied using impedance tube method with 500, 1000 Hz, 1500 Hz, 2000 Hz, and 2500 Hz frequency. The results showed that at a test frequency of 500 Hz, the value of sound absorption coefficient increases with the increase of Areca nut Midrib fraction. This research shown that there is an effect of volume fraction on the acoustic properties and Areca nut Midrib fiber composite have potential used as sound absorption materials, based on ISO standard 11654:1997.

Optical Properties Degradation of Organolead Halide Perovskite with Lead Devired from Solder Wire Putri Pratiwi
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (JTM) Vol 7, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : LP2M - Institut Teknologi Padang

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Organolead halide perovskite material was used as the most common light-harvesting active layer in perovskite solar cell. This material is the most promising material in photovoltaic technology due to its fastest-advancing power conversion efficiency (PCE) to date. The PCE has increased up to 22.1 % only six years after it was discovered in 2009. In our last research, we synthesized and fabricated perovskite solar cell using CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Clx material as light-harvesting active layer. We extract lead from solder wire to produce PbCl2 powder. This powder was used as basic substance for organolead halide perovskite material. CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Clx solution produced by reacting CH3NH3 with PbCl2 powder in DMF (Anhydrous N,N-Dhymethilformamide) by using solution based method. Based on device performance characterization, we conclude that solder wire is suitable enough for fabricating perovskite solar cell. They have identical characteristic compared to commercial lead. However, both perovskite solar cell using lead from solder wire and commercial lead’s performance are smaller than published solar cell’s efficiency. Therefore, in this study we investigate that degradation affected perovskite material performance, especially physical appearance and absorbance characteristic.

The Effect of Addition of Powder Areca Nut Midrib on Polyester Matrix to the Tensile and Bending Strength Hendriwan Fahmi; Putri Pratiwi; Tri Maryanto
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (JTM) Vol 10, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : LP2M - Institut Teknologi Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

In this life, humans certainly need a variety of equipment called material. In its development the material continues to experience progress as in early life, humans only use equipment made from simple materials such as wood, stone and others. Then move to the metal and the last to use a lot of mixture in the refinement of these materials, one form of mixed material created by humans is composite. Betel nut has a lot of powder, how to take it without damaging the areca nut plant. After the extraction of powder is applied to the areca nut, the fiber will be mixed with polyester resin as its matrix. Polyester resin is a matrix of composites. This resin is also included in thermoset resin. In the thermoset polyester the liquid resin is converted into hard and brittle solids formed by chemical cross-bonds that form very strong polymer chains. The mixture will produce composite materials which have different mechanical properties and characteristics from the forming material. Composite materials have the properties of conventional materials from the manufacturing process through inhomogeneous mixing. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding areca nut powder to the polyester matrix on tensile and bending strength. Research and testing are carried out in several stages, including the manufacture of specimens. Both materials are stirred manually until both materials are fused evenly, then tensile and bending tests are carried out, data analysis and conclusions. The results of this research got the best tensile test values on composite polyester resin specimens and areca nut powder with a composition of 90%: 10% with a value of 5.09 MPa. And the results of bending which got the best bending test values are polyester resin composites and nutmeg powder with a composition of 90%: 10% with bending test values of 3.77 MPa.

Design and Performance Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Taper Type Arfidian Rachman; Putri Pratiwi; Lucky Ashari
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (JTM) Vol 9, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : LP2M - Institut Teknologi Padang

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The potential of wind energy in Indonesia is sufficient for the development of renewable energy based on wind turbine, because the average wind speed ranges from 3-12 m / s. The wind that blows is dominated by West, Southwest, and Northwest winds with speeds sometimes reaching 2.5 m / s to 20 m / s. The designed wind turbine is a Taper type blade where the comparison of the tip chord to the base is 1.3: 1, with a blade length of 1 m. Where the blades are designed to be able to spin in high-speed winds and to maximize the efficiency that can be obtained. The design result that the highest peak is 59% at TSR 7 and the blades start to spin in winds of 8.7 m / s and at winds of 12 m / s the power produced reaches 3255 watts.

The Effect of Volume Fraction on Acoustic Properties of Areca Nut Midrib Fibers Composites with Natural Adhesives Putri Pratiwi; Hendriwan Fahmi; Asmara Yanto; Idel Fitra Soni
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol 10 No 2 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol.10 No.2 October 2020
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LP2M) - ITP

Areca nut Midrib is one of agricultural waste that has many benefits to be recycled for household purposes such as plates, jars and others. Moreover, for many researchers, areca nut midrib fiber was used as a filler of composites material. From several studies it is known that this material has good potential as filler in composites because of its good mechanical properties. In addition, this material is also considered as a good sound absorber. Therefore, this research will investigate the ability of sound absorption from this material in a various composition. We used Areca nut Midrib fibers as a filler and pine sap as a matrixof composite with a volume fraction of 70%: 30%, 75%: 25%, 80%: 20%, 85%: 15%, 90%: 10%. The sound absorption coefficient of composites was studied using impedance tube method with 500, 1000 Hz, 1500 Hz, 2000 Hz, and 2500 Hz frequency. The results showed that at a test frequency of 500 Hz, the value of sound absorption coefficient increases with the increase of Areca nut Midrib fraction. This research shown that there is an effect of volume fraction on the acoustic properties and Areca nut Midrib fiber composite have potential used as sound absorption materials, based on ISO standard 11654:1997.

The Effect of Addition of Powder Areca Nut Midrib on Polyester Matrix to the Tensile and Bending Strength Hendriwan Fahmi; Putri Pratiwi; Tri Maryanto
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol 10 No 1 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol.10 No.1 April 2020
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LP2M) - ITP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21063/jtm.2020.v10.i1.1-5

In this life, humans certainly need a variety of equipment called material. In its development the material continues to experience progress as in early life, humans only use equipment made from simple materials such as wood, stone and others. Then move to the metal and the last to use a lot of mixture in the refinement of these materials, one form of mixed material created by humans is composite. Betel nut has a lot of powder, how to take it without damaging the areca nut plant. After the extraction of powder is applied to the areca nut, the fiber will be mixed with polyester resin as its matrix. Polyester resin is a matrix of composites. This resin is also included in thermoset resin. In the thermoset polyester the liquid resin is converted into hard and brittle solids formed by chemical cross-bonds that form very strong polymer chains. The mixture will produce composite materials which have different mechanical properties and characteristics from the forming material. Composite materials have the properties of conventional materials from the manufacturing process through inhomogeneous mixing. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding areca nut powder to the polyester matrix on tensile and bending strength. Research and testing are carried out in several stages, including the manufacture of specimens. Both materials are stirred manually until both materials are fused evenly, then tensile and bending tests are carried out, data analysis and conclusions. The results of this research got the best tensile test values on composite polyester resin specimens and areca nut powder with a composition of 90%: 10% with a value of 5.09 MPa. And the results of bending which got the best bending test values are polyester resin composites and nutmeg powder with a composition of 90%: 10% with bending test values of 3.77MPa.

Optical Properties Degradation of Organolead Halide Perovskite with Lead Devired from Solder Wire Putri Pratiwi
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol 7 No 1 (2017): Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol.7 No.1 April 2017
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LP2M) - ITP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21063/jtm.2017.v7.i1.50-55

Organolead halideperovskite material was used as the most common light-harvesting active layer in perovskite solar cell. This material is the most promising material in photovoltaic technology due to its fastest-advancing power conversion efficiency (PCE) to date. The PCE has increased up to 22.1 % only six years after it was discovered in 2009. In our last research, we synthesized and fabricated perovskite solar cell using CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Clx material as light-harvesting active layer. We extract lead from solder wire to produce PbCl2 powder. This powder was used as basic substance for organolead halide perovskite material. CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Clx solution produced by reacting CH3NH3 with PbCl2 powder in DMF (Anhydrous N,N-Dhymethilformamide) by using solution based method. Based on device performance characterization, we conclude that solder wire is suitable enough for fabricating perovskite solar cell. They have identical characteristic compared to commercial lead. However, both perovskite solar cell using lead from solder wire and commercial lead’s performance are smaller than published solar cell’s efficiency. Therefore, in this study we investigate that degradation affected perovskite material performance, especially physical appearance and absorbance characteristic.

Experimental Study of Wet Cells HHO Generator using Galvanized Steel Plate Electrodes Putri Pratiwi; Ahmad Fachrurrozi
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol 10 No 1 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol.10 No.1 April 2020
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LP2M) - ITP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21063/jtm.2020.v10.i1.66-72

Requirements of fuel oil increases along with the increasing their consumption in many sectors such as transportation, industrial and others. This issue has attracted great reseacher’s attention to find the alternative solution as a substitute for fossil fuel energy. Oxygen Hydrogen Hydrogen gas (HHO) can be used as one of this solution. HHO gas can be produced using wet cell HHO generator type. The objective of this research was to construct a simple wet cell HHO generator system and determine the performance of this generator. We use galvanized steel pelate as electrode with thickness 1,2 mm, NaOH catalyst in the electrolyte solution. The results showed that the HHO gas maximum productivity of the cell was 0,0022 L/h, the highest efficiency was 11% with a power consumption of 69.3 Watts.

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