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All Journal Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Respiratory Science
Oinike, Irene
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Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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Immunology of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB): A Literature Review Oinike, Irene; Wijaya, Dewi
Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 45 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/jri.v45i4.958

Abstract

One of the oldest infectious illnesses, tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a serious global health concern. With an estimated 1.060.000 cases, Indonesia is the second-largest provider of tuberculosis cases worldwide after India. According to the Ministry of Health in 2024, 12.531 cases were MDR-TB/RR-TB. This number has increased compared to 2021, which was 7.876 cases. Resistance may occur primarily or secondarily. Primary resistance is caused by infection with a drug-resistant strain, while secondary resistance occurs during the treatment process. Secondary resistance is divided into intrinsic and acquired. In intrinsic resistance, infection is caused by TB germs that have evolved, causing resistance through several mechanisms, namely reducing cell membrane permeability, drug reflux, degradation and target modification, while acquired resistance is caused by chromosomal mutations in target genes during the treatment process. The immunological mechanism that play a role in the occurrence of resistance will be discussed in this literature review.
Hematologic and Non-Hematologic Side Effects in Lung Cancer Patients Post Chemotherapy at Arifin Achmad General Hospital Oinike, Irene; Munir, Sri Melati
Respiratory Science Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Respiratory Science
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/respirsci.v6i1.186

Abstract

Background: Lung cancer is the second-highest cause of malignancy in the world, with a prevalence of 11.4% of all types of cancer. The majority of lung cancer patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage; therefore, chemotherapy acts as palliative therapy without curative therapy options. Chemotherapy drugs have various side effects, both hematologic and non-hematologic. Thus, monitoring side effects should be notable to improve the quality of life for patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Method: This research was a descriptive study with a total sampling data collection technique. Samples were collected for 6 months according to the inclusion criteria, and the results were presented in the form of a distribution table. Results: During August 2023 to January 2024, 29 lung cancer patients met the inclusion criteria at Arifin Achmad General Hospital. Of these 29 patients, 25 (86.21%) were men and 4 (13.79%) were women. The hematologic side effects were observed in 16 (55.17%) patients, while non-hematologic side effects were found in 18 (62.07%) patients. The most common hematologic side effect is anemia, and the most common non-hematologic side effect is gastrointestinal disorders. Conclusion: The chemotherapy regimen used for lung cancer patients caused both hematologic and non-hematologic side effects. The non-hematologic side effects were more common than the hematologic.
Co-Authors Sri Melati Munir Wijaya, Dewi