Muhammad Iqbal Hasanuddin
Institut Agama Islam Negeri Parepare

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POLISEMI KATA اخذ (AKHADHA) DALAM QS. AL-BAQARAH-AL-IMRAN (SUATU ANALISIS SEMANTIK) Nur Hania; Muhammad Iqbal Hasanuddin
Al-Syamail: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): Al-Syamail: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab
Publisher : Prodi Bahasa dan Sastra Arab

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Abstract

This study examines the issue of polysemy (musytarak al-lafzy) through semantic analysis. The researcher focuses on the polysemy of the word akhadha (أخذ) in the Qur'an, specifically in Surah Al-Baqarah and Surah Al-Imran. The data used are verses from the Qur'an that contain polysemic occurrences of the word akhadha (أخذ). The study explores the forms of polysemy of the word akhadha (أخذ) and its meanings by sampling the word through dictionaries, Qur'anic interpretations, and tafsir books by prominent scholars. The research method applied is qualitative library research using a descriptive approach. The study found 34 occurrences of the word akhadha (أخذ) in various forms—fi'il madhi (past tense), fi'il mudare (present/future tense), fi'il amr (imperative), and isim (noun). In Surah Al-Baqarah and Surah Al-Imran, 27 instances of akhadha (أخذ) were identified as polysemic. The literal meaning of akhadha (أخذ) is "to take," but the research revealed other meanings such as "to accept," "to make," "to seize," "to acknowledge," "to comply," "to appoint," "to declare," "to choose," "to act," "to punish," "to implement," "to establish," "to adhere to," "to raise," "to enforce," "to recognize," "to worship," "to display arrogance," "to misuse," "to bear responsibility," "to hold accountable," "to torture," "to impose," and "to determine." Thus, the Qur'an contains polysemic words, but their meanings are not entirely identical. Upon deeper examination, polysemic words exhibit specific characteristics in their meanings, depending on the context of the verse and sentence in which they appear.
Struktur Narasi Al-Mu’allaqah Karya Ṭarafah ibn al-‘Abd Fitria Qadri; Muhammad Iqbal Hasanuddin
Al-Syamail: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Al-Syamail : Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab (Edisi Desember 2025)
Publisher : Prodi Bahasa dan Sastra Arab

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Qasidah is a form of classical Arabic poetry that not only contains linguistic beauty but also reflects the social and cultural values of pre-Islamic Arab society. This research focuses on one of the most renowned works in the Al-Muʿallaqāt anthology, namely the qasidah by Ṭarafah ibn al-ʿAbd. This poem is known for its complex narrative structure, containing thematic transitions from elegy (atlāl dan gazal), camel description (wasf), self-pride (fakhr), to philosophical reflection (ḥikmah) and mortality (mawt). This study is a library research, which involves searching, collecting, and analyzing data sources such as books, theses, and scholarly writings. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a structural-narrative analysis approach of classical Arabic literature. The main data consists of 103 verses of Ṭarafah's qasidah, analyzed to identify the narrative structure (muqaddimah, garad, and khatimah) and the coherence between these narrative parts. The results of the study show that the qasidah not only reflects the classical structure of Arabic poetry but also reveals a coherent and continuous thematic development. The muqaddimah presents an elegy over the traces of a departed beloved, the garad contains the camel description as a symbol of life’s journey along with confessions of a free lifestyle, while the khatimah offers existential contemplation on death and social injustice. This research proves that Ṭarafah’s work not only possesses high literary value but also reflects existential awareness and social criticism from a young poet who experienced alienation and injustice in his time.