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All Journal Al-Amin: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora
Mutiara Fazriah Surya Islami Al-Faruqi
Institut Sains Al-Qur’an Syekh Ibrahim Pasir Pengaraian, Indonesia
Religion Humanities Education Other

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Konsep Kewarganegaraan Dalam Islam: Antara Teori Klasik dan Implementasi Modern Mutiara Fazriah Surya Islami Al-Faruqi; Anwar Sidik
Al-Amin: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Al-Amin: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora
Publisher : LPPM Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam (STAI) Al- Kifayah Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53398/alamin.v4i1.876

Abstract

The concept of citizenship in Islam has been a subject of continuous debate among scholars from the classical era to the contemporary period. In the tradition of classical Islamic thought, the relationship between individuals and the state was formulated through categories such as dhimmi, muwatin, and ahl al-ahd, which often placed non-Muslims in a subordinate position. Meanwhile, the development of modern nation-states and the demands of constitutional democracy have prompted fundamental reinterpretation of these concepts. This research departs from a significant gap in the literature, namely the lack of systematic studies connecting classical Islamic citizenship theory with its implementation in contemporary Muslim-majority states. This study aims to analyze the evolution of citizenship concepts in Islamic thought from the classical to the modern period and to identify patterns of their implementation in the legal and constitutional systems of Muslim-majority countries. Employing a qualitative-descriptive library research method, this study relies on textual analysis of classical primary sources, constitutional documents, and purposively selected contemporary academic literature. The findings reveal three main patterns of modern Islamic citizenship implementation: the pattern of full civil rights integration based on the principle of musawah (equality), the compromise pattern that integrates Islamic values with universal human rights standards, and the hierarchical pattern that maintains religious differentiation. This study concludes that reform of Islamic citizenship concepts responsive to the demands of modernity can be grounded in the principles of maqashid al-shari’ah and universal justice without abandoning Islamic identity
Co-Authors Anwar Sidik