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Determinants of Rat Population Density in the Port Area of Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia Jane tahulending; Woodford Baren Solaiman Joseph; Odi Roni Pinontoan
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol. 16 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL BIOS LOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.v16i1.66726

Abstract

Rats are important vectors of zoonotic diseases and pose significant public health risks, particularly in port areas. This study aimed to analyze environmental factors influencing rat population density in Manado Seaport, North Sulawesi. A quantitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted using field surveys. A total of 100 rat traps were set for five consecutive days across four observation sites: the Harbor Master’s Office, cargo loading building, residential areas, and storage warehouses. Environmental variables observed included cleanliness, waste presence, drainage conditions, food availability, and potential nesting sites. The results showed that 28 rats were captured, yielding a Trap Success (TS) rate of 28%, which exceeds the safe threshold of <2% based on the Indonesian Ministry of Health (2014) guidelines. The identified species were Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus, with R. norvegicus as the dominant species. Higher TS values were found in locations with poor sanitation, abundant waste, and readily available food sources. Waste presence and food availability showed the strongest associations with rat density, followed by drainage conditions. These findings indicate that poor environmental sanitation contributes to increased rat populations. Therefore, improved waste management, environmental sanitation, and routine monitoring are essential to reduce the risk of rat-borne disease transmission.
Hubungan antara beban kerja dan lingkungan kerja dengan stres kerja pada perawat Christine Blessing Tumalun; Odi Roni Pinontoan; Hilman Adam
Hik Vol. 19 No. 11 (2026): Volume 19 Nomor 11
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/hjk.v19i11.1883

Abstract

Background: Nurses are vulnerable to occupational stress due to high workloads, emotional distress, and unstable working conditions. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that 30–50% of healthcare workers experience chronic occupational stress, with nurses being the most affected group. Initial observations at Pancaran Kasih General Hospital in Manado also revealed complaints of emotional exhaustion, work pressure, and decreased motivation, indicating occupational stress. Purpose: To determine the relationship between workload and work environment and occupational stress in nurses. Method: This was an observational study using a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 97 nurses was selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection for the workload variable used the NASA-TLX questionnaire, and for the work environment and work stress variables used questionnaires from previous studies. Results: A total of 67% of nurses experienced moderate to high work stress. A total of 77.3% of nurses had a heavy workload, while 91.8% had a positive perception of the work environment. However, this positive perception was not sufficient to prevent occupational stress. Bivariate analysis showed that workload and work environment were significantly associated with job stress (p < 0.05), confirming that job stress in nurses is a multifactorial phenomenon and requires a comprehensive management approach. Conclusion: Workload and work environment are significantly associated with job stress in nurses. The majority of nurses experience moderate to high job stress and heavy workloads, thus requiring comprehensive management efforts to reduce job stress and improve nurse well-being.   Keywords: Job Stress; Nurses; Workload; Work Environment.   Pendahuluan: Perawat rentan mengalami stres kerja akibat beban kerja tinggi, tekanan emosional, dan kondisi kerja yang tidak menentu. World Health Organization (WHO), melaporkan 30–50% tenaga kesehatan mengalami stres kerja kronis dengan perawat sebagai kelompok paling terdampak. Observasi awal di RSU Pancaran Kasih Manado juga menunjukkan adanya keluhan kelelahan emosional, tekanan kerja, dan penurunan motivasi yang mengindikasikan stres kerja. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubunga antara beban kerja dan lingkungan kerja dengan stres kerja pada perawat. Metode: Jenis penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan studi potong lintang. Sampel berjumlah 97 perawat dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data untuk variabel beban kerja menggunakan kuesioner NASA-TLX dan untuk variabel lingkungan kerja dan stres kerja menggunakan kuesioner dari penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya. Hasil: Sebanyak 67% perawat mengalami stres kerja sedang hingga tinggi. Sebanyak 77.3% perawat memiliki beban kerja berat, sementara 91.8% memiliki persepsi positif terhadap lingkungan kerja. Meskipun demikian, persepsi positif tersebut belum mampu mencegah terjadinya stres kerja. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa beban kerja dan lingkungan kerja berhubungan signifikan dengan stres kerja (p < 0.05), yang menegaskan bahwa stres kerja pada perawat merupakan fenomena multifaktorial dan membutuhkan pendekatan manajemen yang komprehensif. Simpulan: Beban kerja dan lingkungan kerja memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan stres kerja pada perawat. Mayoritas perawat mengalami stres kerja sedang hingga tinggi serta beban kerja berat, sehingga diperlukan upaya manajemen yang komprehensif untuk mengurangi stres kerja dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan perawat.   Kata Kunci: Beban Kerja; Lingkungan Kerja; Perawat; Stres Kerja.