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All Journal JIHAD : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi Waluya The International Science of Health Journal
Supardi, Muhammad
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Dentistry Education Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Other

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A Cross-Sectional Study of Environmental Pollution Factors Associated with Heavy Metal Levels in Katamba Fish (Lethrinus nebulosus) in Baliara Village Kabaena Island Supardi, Muhammad; Azizi Jayadipraja, Erwin; Saafi , La Ode
Waluya The International Science of Health Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025): Waluya The International Science of Health Journal
Publisher : Magister Kesehatan Universitas Mandala Waluya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54883/nftxv955

Abstract

Introduction: Coastal environmental pollution is one of the biggest challenges for communities whose livelihoods depend heavily on marine resources. Kabaena Island, particularly Baliara Village, faces increasing pollution pressure due to nickel mining activities, unmanaged domestic waste disposal, and intensive fishing vessel operations. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between environmental pollution factors and heavy metal levels in Katamba fish (Lethrinus nebulosus),  Method: This research employed a quantitative analytic approach with a cross-sectional design. A total of 97 respondents were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaires as well as fish and seawater samples, which were analyzed in the laboratory using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) and ICP-OES. Data analysis was conducted using Spearman correlation to examine the association between environmental pollution activities. Result: The results showed that heavy metal concentrations in Katamba fish mostly exceeded the safe consumption limits set by WHO and Government Regulation No. 22/2021. Mining activities were significantly associated with Ni levels (r = –0.200) and seawater pollution (ρ = 0.438). Domestic waste exhibited a significant correlation with Pb levels in fish (r = 0.669), while fishing vessel activities were associated with Cd levels (r = 0.317). These findings highlight the substantial contribution of human activities to increasing heavy metal pollution in coastal areas. Conclusion: There is a relationship between environmental pollutants such as mining activities, domestic waste and fishing boat activities with heavy metal levels such as Hg, Ni, Pb and Cd in seawater and catamba fish.
Arrangements for Consensus-Based Deliberation in the Settlement of Industrial Relations Disputes that are Harmonious and Just Arifin, Ariani Arifin; Riza, Marwati; Bachri, Syamsul; Supardi, Muhammad
JIHAD : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi Vol 8, No 1 (2026): JIHAD : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pendidikan (LPP) Mandala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58258/jihad.v8i1.10470

Abstract

The principle of deliberation and consensus is the spirit of the Pancasila industrial relations system in Indonesia, which aims to create a balance between workers' rights and the sustainability of employers' businesses. This study aims to analyze the legal transformation of the deliberation and consensus mechanism in resolving industrial relations disputes, starting from the era of Law Number 22 of 1957 to Law Number 2 of 2004 (the PPHI Law). The research method used is normative or doctrinal legal research with a statutory approach and library research. The results show that in the era of Law No. 22 of 1957, the dispute resolution mechanism was authoritative, where the state through P4D/P4P dominated the final decision and placed deliberation only as an administrative formality. In contrast, after the enactment of the PPHI Law, there was a paradigm shift towards an autonomous-participatory system that requires bipartite negotiations as an absolute requirement before litigation. However, this implementation still faces challenges in the form of unequal bargaining power and issues of good faith that often trigger "forced consensus." This study concludes the need for a reconstruction of norms that allow law enforcement to test substantive good faith in the bipartite process to realize harmonious social justice for the world of work in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Arifin, Ariani Arifin Erwin Azizi Jayadipraja, Erwin Azizi Riza, Marwati Saafi , La Ode Syamsul Bachri