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David Greacy Geovanie
Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Indonesia
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science

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Algorithmic Impunity and the Accountability Crisis in International Humanitarian Law Under AI-Driven Autonomous Weapons Systems David Greacy Geovanie; Dewa Gede Sudika Mangku; Ni Putu Rai Yuliartini
Conference on Business, Social Sciences and Technology (CoNeScINTech) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Conference on Business, Social Sciences and Technology (CoNeScINTech) - Article
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37253/conescintech.v6i1.12750

Abstract

This study aims to (1) construct the concept of algorithmic impunity as a new analytical category within International Humanitarian Law (IHL), addressing the legal accountability vacuum produced by the deployment of AI-driven Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS) in contemporary military operations. (2) Specifically, it examines the failure of international criminal accountability doctrines to establish mens rea for harms caused by autonomous AI systems,and evaluates the adequacy of UN General Assembly Resolution 79/239 (2024) as a normative response to this crisis. A juridical-normative approach is employed through doctrinal and comparative legal analysis. Primary materials include IHL instruments, CCW GGE LAWS documents, relevant UN resolutions (Res. 79/62 and 79/239), and applicable international jurisprudence. The analysis examines three core IHL principles, distinction, proportionality, and precaution, in the context of LAWS operating without meaningful human oversight. The research identifies a structural accountability crisis in the current IHL regime stemming from three conditions: (1) causal anonymity between algorithmic decisions and lethal consequences; (2) the disintegration of traditional command chains due to machine autonomy; (2) and the absence of a binding legal instrument specifically governing LAWS. The study concludes that adequate normative response requires developing an algorithmic impunity doctrine within an additional IHL protocol, moving beyond meaningful human control toward an AI life-cycle accountability framework.
Co-Authors Dewa Gede Sudika Mangku Ni Putu Rai Yuliartini