<![CDATA[The adoption of IoT-based smart agriculture in Indonesia is still limited among farmers due to high costs, low digital literacy, and the lack of an easy-to-replicate system. This study develops and evaluates an IoT-based rice field irrigation monitoring and control system with a WiFi shooting and solar architecture. The system uses an ESP32 microcontroller, capacitive soil moisture sensor, DC water pump, 50 Wp solar panels, and TP-Link wireless transmitter for long-distance connectivity. The human-in-the-loop approach is implemented through a web dashboard that allows farmers to control irrigation manually while avoiding the risk of fully automated system failure. The performance of the system is evaluated through experimental testing including sensor validation against the Intelligent Soil Tester, network performance testing at distances of up to 1000 meters, and pump efficiency measurements. The results showed that the calibrated soil moisture sensor achieved 99.0% accuracy with an error of only 1%. The WiFi bridge maintains a stable connection up to a distance of 700 meters with an average response time of 2.08 seconds. The system reduces irrigation control time by 99.0% (from 15.5 minutes to 9 seconds per cycle), saving about 92 minutes each day. The pump produces an average discharge of 22.2 L/min with a power consumption of 180.1 W. This modular system offers an easy-to-replicate solution to bridge the gap between IoT research and the needs of farmers, while supporting the inclusive and sustainable digital transformation of Indonesia's food sector.]]>
