<![CDATA[Organizational communication is essential to educational institution management, supporting information delivery, coordination, decision-making, and organizational goals. However, its effectiveness is often hindered by communication patterns and barriers arising from individuals and the organizational environment. This study analyzes organizational communication forms, identifies barriers, and examines communication effectiveness in supporting organizational performance. A literature review with a descriptive-analytical approach was conducted by examining relevant literature and previous studies. Data were analyzed by identifying, classifying, and interpreting information on communication forms, barriers, and effectiveness. The findings reveal that formal and informal communication serve complementary functions in educational institutions. Formal communication clarifies organizational structures, tasks, policies, and responsibilities, whereas informal communication strengthens social relationships and facilitates information exchange. Communication barriers include perceptual, physical, psychological and interpersonal, technological, and language barriers. Effectiveness can be enhanced through clear messages, openness, two-way communication, feedback, appropriate media selection, and regular evaluation. These practices help address communication barriers while supporting the complementary roles of formal and informal communication. Therefore, organizational communication requires planned, open, adaptive, and collaborative management to improve organizational performance and support the achievement of educational institutional goals.]]>
