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All Journal Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Muhammad Fauzi Anwar
STIKes KHAS Kempek, Cirebon, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Formulation and Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Roll-On Deodorant Based on Arab Jujube Leaf Extract (Ziziphus spina-christi L.) against Staphylococcus epidermidis Muhammad Fauzi Anwar; Dwi Retno Sari; Indah Shaliha
Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : APDFI (Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33759/jrki.v8i3.938

Abstract

Body odor is a common issue that arises when excessive sweat interacts with microorganisms on the skin particularly Staphylococcus epidermidis. One practical and economical way to address this problem is through the use of deodorants, especially in roll on form. This study explores the potential of sidr tree leaves (Ziziphus spina-christi L.) as a natural ingredient for deodorant formulation, owing to their rich content of antibacterial compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and terpenoids. The active compounds were extracted using maceration with 70% ethanol, chosen for its polarity and skin friendly properties. A phytochemical screening was conducted afterward to verify the presence of these bioactive compounds in the extract. The resulting extract was incorporated into roll-on deodorant formulations at three concentration levels: F1 (5 grams), F2 (10 grams), and F3 (20 grams). The formulations were evaluated for their physical characteristics, including organoleptic properties, pH, homogeneity, viscosity, and spreadability. Furthermore, antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis was assessed using the disk diffusion method to determine the effectiveness of each formula.  
Co-Authors Dwi Retno Sari Indah Shaliha