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The Effect of CR and DER on ROA in F&B Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange After the Covid-19 Pandemic 2023–2024 Abdul Hamid Syarif; Muhammad Isa Wibisono; Ely Siswanto; Subagyo Subagyo
Formosa Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 4 No. 12 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/fjas.v4i12.515

Abstract

This study empirically examines and analyzes the influence of Current Ratio (CR) and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) on Return on Assets (ROA) in food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), particularly in the post-COVID-19 pandemic period COVID-19 (2023-2024). This period is crucial because the food and beverage sector, although sensitive to changes in consumer trends and fluctuations in raw material costs, has proven to be resilient and even managed to achieve net profits without significant disruption during the pandemic. This study found that the Current Ratio does not have a significant effect on Return on Assets (ROA), while the Debt-to-Equity Ratio has a negative and significant effect on ROA. These findings indicate that the higher the level of leverage or a company's dependence on debt, the lower the resulting profitability. 
The Ontology of Social Science: Understanding the Nature of Agency, Structure, and Social Causality Abdul Hamid Syarif; Agung Winarno; Subagyo Subagyo
Formosa Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 4 No. 12 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/fjas.v4i12.510

Abstract

This community service aims to strengthen the academic community's understanding of the ontology of social sciences, particularly in relation to agency, structure, and social causality in the context of the digital age. Activities are carried out through in-depth literature reviews and the development of easily accessible educational materials to improve the philosophical literacy of educators and researchers. The process of service includes identifying key concepts, analyzing contemporary theories, and compiling applicable educational summaries. As a result, the target community gains a more comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of social reality and the epistemological challenges that arise. The contribution of this activity lies in providing a conceptual foundation that strengthens the quality of social research in the academic environment