Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2021 - 2026
0.23
P-Index
This Author published in this journals
All Journal Formosa Journal of Science and Technology (FJST)
Irma Kamaliah
Civil Engineering Master's Study Program, Faculty of Engineering Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya
Humanities Computer Science & IT Education Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Social Sciences

Published : 1 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 1 Documents
Search

 1 
Analysis of Operational Performance and Investment Costs of AKDP Bus Services (Madiun-Ponorogo Route) Using Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period (PP), and Break Event Point (BEP) Methods Irma Kamaliah; Budi Witjaksana; Hanie Teki Tjendani
Formosa Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 5 No. 6 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/fjst.v5i6.92

Abstract

The decrease in public enthusiasm for public transport, driven by a rise in private vehicle usage and other transport options, has led to a review of the effectiveness and quality of public transit services. This study aimed to evaluate the operational efficiency and significance of the Madiun-Ponorogo intercity bus (AKDP) line, as well as to assess the potential for making investments to enhance service quality. The research employed a descriptive quantitative approach. The examination utilized operational performance metrics, while the assessment of investment was carried out using methods such as Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period (PP), and Break Even Point (BEP). Findings indicated that the operational performance of the Madiun-Ponorogo intercity bus route remains inadequate, illustrated by lengthy intervals between buses that lead to extended waiting periods. The investment assessment was deemed financially viable, denoted by a positive NPV, an IRR that exceeds the 6% interest, a Payback Period occurring by the fifth year with a net gain of Rp 578,131,790, and a BEP that surpasses the established minimum in both unit and monetary values
Co-Authors Budi Witjaksana Hanie Teki Tjendani