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All Journal BULLETIN OF THE MARINE GEOLOGY
Daffa Zettira Mazdhania
Bandung Institute of Technology
Earth & Planetary Sciences

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SURFACE OCEANOGRAPHIC VARIABILITY DURING THE LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM AND LATE HOLOCENE IN THE INDONESIAN MARITIME CONTINENT Daffa Zettira Mazdhania; Sandy Hardian Susanto Herho; Iwan Pramesti Anwar; Marfasran Hendrizan; Siti Nurzannah Kaban; Faruq Khadami; Rima Rachmayani; Sri Yudawati Cahyarini
BULLETIN OF THE MARINE GEOLOGY Vol 41, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Marine Geological Institute of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32693/bomg.41.1.2026.976

Abstract

This study provides a statistical characterization of surface oceanographic variability in the Indonesian Maritime Continent (IMC) during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 23-19 ka) and Late Holocene (LH; 4-0 ka). Using the lgmDA v2.1 paleoclimate data assimilation product, we analyzed sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS), and seawater δ¹⁸O. Results indicate the LGM was significantly cooler, saltier, and isotopically enriched, with lower spatial heterogeneity compared to the LH. Comprehensive nonparametric testing confirmed these differences reflected fundamental changes in distributional properties, not merely mean-state shifts. The findings suggest a major oceanographic regime shift, likely driven by lower sea levels, a weakened Indonesian Throughflow (ITF), enhanced stratification, and a drier regional climate during the LGM. This work offers a statistical framework for understanding IMC sensitivity to glacial-interglacial forcing.
Co-Authors Faruq Khadami Iwan Pramesti Anwar Marfasran Hendrizan Rima Rachmayani Sandy Hardian Susanto Herho Siti Nurzannah Kaban Sri Yudawati Cahyarini