<![CDATA[Mathematics learning in elementary schools emphasizes not only computational skills but also the ability to understand, present, and analyze information. One topic that requires these abilities is pictograms, particularly when presented through Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) problems related to local cultural contexts. This study aims to analyze the difficulties experienced by fourth-grade students in solving HOTS problems on pictograms based on the cultural context of Melayu Deli Serdang. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach involving 20 fourth-grade students of UPT SD Negeri 064969. Data were collected through student worksheets, answer sheets, and documentation. The results showed that students experienced difficulties in applying pictogram scales consistently and connecting numerical data with visual representations. When presenting pictograms, students made errors in determining the number of symbols for plastic bottle and can categories, while they correctly applied the scale to paper and cardboard categories. Students also experienced difficulties in interpreting data, particularly in identifying the largest and smallest quantities and calculating differences between data values. These findings indicate that students’ difficulties were not limited to computational skills but also involved understanding scales, connecting data with symbols, comparing data, and analyzing information. The cultural context of Melayu Deli Serdang can provide learning experiences relevant to students’ surroundings; however, it should be accompanied by further support for students’ abilities to read, present, and interpret data.]]>
