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In-Silico Analysis of Momordica charantia L. As Antidiabetic Agents Through Activation of Human UDP-Galactose 4-Epimerase Receptors Pramesthi, Asri Dwi Endah Dewi; Suwarno, Kafka Navisa; Pratama, Aldo; Rasyidah, Jamiatur; I Wayan Surya Rahadi; Rasida, Rima
Media Farmasi Vol 20 No 2 (2024): Media Farmasi Edisi Oktober 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Farmasi Poltekkes kemenkes Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32382/mf.v20i2.1002

Abstract

This study investigates the antidiabetic potential of compounds found in Momordica charantia L., commonly known as bitter melon, through molecular docking and ADME (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion) analysis. Utilizing in silico methods, several bioactive compounds from bitter melon, such as charantin, vicine, momordenol, momordicilin, and momordicoside, were evaluated for their ability to interact with the human UDP-Galactose 4-Epimerase receptor, a key enzyme involved in glucose metabolism. The docking results indicate that these compounds exhibit strong binding affinities, suggesting their role in glucose regulation. Further ADME analysis revealed that the compounds generally comply with the Lipinski Rule of Five, indicating favorable drug-like properties, though some compounds exhibited potential toxicities requiring further investigation. These findings highlight the potential of Momordica charantia as a source of antidiabetic agents, warranting additional in vivo and clinical studies to confirm their efficacy and safety in managing diabetes mellitus.
In Silico Analysis of Momordica charantia L. as Antidiabetic Agents of GSK-3β Receptors and It's Antioxidant Activity Pramesthi, Asri Dwi Endah Dewi; Khairunnisa, Khairunnisa; Zuliet, Aurelia Nabilla; Putri, Melani Pebriana; Kustiawan, Paula Mariana
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13447

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is included in the group of degenerative diseases with the highest incidence rate globally. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of bioactive compounds contained in bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) as antidiabetic and antioxidant agents using an in silico approach. The methods used include molecular docking simulations, pharmacokinetic and toxicological  analyses were carried out using Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicology parameters as well as drug suitability tests based on the Lipinski rule of five. The test results showed that bitter melon juice obtained an IC50 of 63.18 μg/ml while vitamin C as a comparison obtained an IC50 of 7.60 μg/ml. The docking results show that the Kaemferol compound has the highest binding affinity (-6.64 Kcal/mol), Quercetin (-6.28 Kcal/mol) and Charantoside I (6.07 Kcal/mol) have stable binding energy, the interaction of charantin, quercetin, kaemferol and charantoside I residues is similar to native ligands such as Valine 135, Cysteine 199, Valine 70 and Lysine 85. Based on the ADMET profile results, the quercetin and kaemferol compounds have high absorption, Caco-2 permeability which supports oral bioavailability, and do not show the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, which indicates safety for the central nervous system, as well as low AMES toxicity and hepatotoxicity. As the conclusion, kaempferol and quercetin compounds have  the potential as GSK-3β inhibitors. Antioxidant activity of bitter melon juice and vitamin C are categorized as strong. Further  research regarding the mechanism of action of Momordica charantia L. as an alternative therapeutic agent in the management of type  2 diabetes is needed.