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All Journal Jurnal Teknik Informatika C.I.T. Medicom LEBAH International Journal of Enterprise Modelling
Sihotang, Hengki Tamando
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Journal : International Journal of Enterprise Modelling

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Effectiveness of Ultrasonic Frequencies on the Behavior and Migration Patterns of Rice Field Rats (Rattus argentiventer) Sihotang, Hengki Tamando; Sihotang, Jonhariono; Simbolon, Romasinta
International Journal of Enterprise Modelling Vol. 16 No. 3 (2022): Sep: Enterprise Modelling
Publisher : International Enterprise Integration Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/int.jo.emod.v16i3.163

Abstract

Rat infestation by Rattus argentiventer remains a serious problem in irrigated rice fields, causing significant yield losses and threatening sustainable rice production. Conventional control methods rely heavily on chemical rodenticides, which pose environmental risks and show declining long-term effectiveness. Ultrasonic deterrent technology has been proposed as an alternative; however, its effectiveness in open-field agricultural environments remains inconsistent and poorly understood. This study aims to analyze the behavioral and migration responses of rice field rats to different ultrasonic frequency ranges to clarify the mechanisms underlying ultrasonic deterrence. A field-based experimental design was applied using paired treatment and control plots, with ultrasonic frequencies ranging from 20 to 40 kHz. Rat activity and movement were monitored through camera traps and motion sensors, and spatial behavior was analyzed using activity reduction rates, migration distance, and path deviation indices. The results indicate a clear frequency-dependent response, with ultrasonic exposure at 30–35 kHz producing the strongest avoidance behavior and directional displacement. These findings suggest that ultrasonic deterrence primarily induces spatial displacement rather than population elimination and provide important implications for the development of adaptive ultrasonic–IoT systems to support smart and sustainable pest management in rice agriculture.
Adaptive Scheduling Model of Ultrasonic Frequencies Based on Environmental Data for Rice Field Rat Pest Control Sihotang, Hengki Tamando; A, Galih Prakoso Rizky; Sihotang, Jonhariono; Simbolon, Romasinta
International Journal of Enterprise Modelling Vol. 19 No. 3 (2025): September: Enterprise Modelling
Publisher : International Enterprise Integration Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/int.jo.emod.v19i3.164

Abstract

Rat infestation remains a major constraint to rice production, causing significant yield losses and threatening food security in many rice-growing regions. Although ultrasonic deterrent systems have been promoted as an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical rodenticides, their effectiveness is often inconsistent due to static frequency emission and rapid behavioral habituation. This study proposes an adaptive scheduling model for ultrasonic frequencies based on real-time environmental data to enhance long-term deterrence effectiveness. The model integrates environmental sensing, stochastic frequency selection, and habituation-aware control within a context-aware scheduling framework. Environmental data were acquired using field-deployed sensors, while the adaptive algorithm dynamically adjusted ultrasonic frequency, emission duration, and interval. Field evaluations compared the proposed system with static ultrasonic control. Results demonstrate sustained spectral diversity, reduced habituation, and significant decreases in rat activity and crop damage, alongside improved energy efficiency. These findings highlight the potential of adaptive ultrasonic control as a scalable and sustainable solution for smart agriculture, supporting chemical-free pest management and precision rice farming.
Co-Authors A, Galih Prakoso Rizky Hasugian, Penda Sudarto Hutahaean, Harvei Desmon Laia, Endang Mistaorina Lumbantoruan, Harapan Rahayu, Suciana Rizky A, Galih Prakoso Sihotang, Jonhariono Simbolon, Roma Sinta Simbolon, Romasinta Widya wati Yuana, Eka Ramari