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Mantiri, Feky Recky
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Metagenomic Bioprospecting for Lignocellulosic Enzymes from Bacterial Communities of Humus Obtained from Natural and Man-Made Forests in Tomohon, North Sulawesi, Indonesia Mantiri, Feky Recky; Kairupan, Carla Felly; Sudewi, Sri; Mantiri, Vic Axel Daniel
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v9i2.421

Abstract

Lignocellulosic biomass degradation is crucial for various industrial applications. Traditional enzyme discovery methods, limited by culturing constraints, fail to capture the vast enzymatic potential of uncultured microorganisms. Metagenomic bioprospecting provides a culture-independent avenue to explore this untapped genetic diversity. This research characterizes the microbial communities and their functional capabilities in a natural forest (Mahawu Mountain Forest, MMF) and a man-made forest (Tomohon City Forest, TCF) located in North Sulawesi, Indonesia, aiming to assess the influence of forest type on microbial ecological dynamics and lignocellulose degradation mechanisms. Comparative soil analysis revealed MMF had slightly alkaline pH (7.1), cooler temperature (21°C), and dark grayish-brown Andosol, while TCF exhibited a neutral pH (6.9), warmer temperature (23°C), and brown Andosol. High-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing demonstrated that TCF harbors greater bacterial richness (125 vs. 91 observed OTUs) and diversity (Shannon index 4.44 vs. 4.11), likely influenced by anthropogenic activities. Taxonomic profiling showed that Proteobacteria dominate both sites (MMF: 42.37%; TCF: 56.08%), with Actinobacteria significantly more abundant in MMF (34.08% vs. 5.84%). Functional prediction via PICRUSt analysis highlighted TCF’s enrichment in stress-responsive genes and ABC transporters, whereas MMF exhibited elevated lipid metabolism and specialized lignin-degradation pathways (e.g., 3-hydroxyphenylacetate degradation). These findings suggest that TCF's heterogeneous environment supports microbial versatility, while MMF's stable conditions promote specialization in decomposition. Both forests represent promising reservoirs for lignocellulolytic enzyme discovery, with implications for sustainable biotechnological applications. This study underscores the importance of forest management in shaping soil microbial communities and highlights the value of preserving natural ecosystems for future bioresource exploration.
Antagonist Activity of Gliocladium sp. Against Fusarium Wilt Fungi in Chili Plant (Capsicum frutescens L.) Pijoh, Cheryl; Mantiri, Feky Recky; Nio, Song Ai
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL BIOS LOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.v15i2.62910

Abstract

Fusarium sp. is a pathogen that causes wilt disease in chili plant (Capsicum frutescens L.), which has a significant impact on crop production. One of the environmentally friendly control strategy is the use of biological agents, such as Gliocladium sp. This study aimed to evaluate the antagonistic ability of Gliocladium sp. to inhibit the growth of Fusarium sp. in vitro. The experiment was conducted using the dual culture method on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium. Fusarium sp. isolates were obtained from the culture collection of BPPMTPH Kalasey. Observations were carried out of seven days to assess colony growth and calculate the percentage of inhibition. Gliocladium sp. demonstrated the ability to inhibit Fusarium sp. growth, with a maximum inhibition percentage of 51.52% on the seventh day. Gliocladium sp. exhibited rapid growth and dominated the medium, covering the pathogen colony entirely, although no clear inhibition zone was formed. The antagonistic mechanism is presumed to involve competition for space and nutrients, and parasitism. The mechanism of competition was demonstrated by the ability of Gliocladium sp. to grow more rapidly and dominate the PDA medium compared to Fusarium sp. in the dual culture treatment. Parasitism was identified through the coiling of Fusarium sp. hyphae by Gliocladium sp. hyphae, accompanied by morphological abnormalities observed in Fusarium sp. These findings indicate that Gliocladium sp. has potential to be developed as a biological control agent against Fusarium wilt desease in chili plants.
Co-Authors Kairupan, Carla Felly Mantiri, Vic Axel Daniel Nio Song Ai Nio, Ai S. Pijoh, Cheryl Poluan, Risky Hiskia Sri Sudewi, Sri