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All Journal International Journal of Science and Society (IJSOC) Intermestic: Journal of International Studies Aliansi : Jurnal Politik, Keamanan Dan Hubungan Internasional
Anshori, Muhammad Fikry
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Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Social Sciences

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Borrowing Absolute and Relative Gains to Science Diplomacy Conceptualization Anshori, Muhammad Fikry; Effendi, Mutiara Rachmadini
Intermestic: Journal of International Studies Vol 8 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Departemen Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/intermestic.v8n2.1

Abstract

Science diplomacy is an emerging concept in International Relations. But the existing traditional conceptualization of science diplomacy (science in diplomacy, diplomacy for science, and science for diplomacy) has optimistic scope and objective while ignoring the conflictual nature of international relations. This article argues borrowing relative and absolute gains can address the conceptual problem of science diplomacy. The borrowing presents a classification of science diplomacy into two types, prospective (using diplomacy to attain the maximum individual payoffs in science) and restrictive (using diplomacy to hinder others from advancing capabilities in science). By demonstrating it with Japan's science diplomacy in the inaugural meeting of Science and Technology in Society (STS) Forum and the first meeting of the East Asia Science and Innovation Area (e-ASIA) Joint Research Forum, this article found that the classification of science diplomacy as prospective and restrictive helps study the cooperative and competitive aspects of state actors' science diplomacy.
APPLYING BERTOPIC MODELLING ON UNITED NATIONS GENERAL DEBATES 1970-2016 DATASET TO IDENTIFY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND DEMOCRACY ISSUES Anshori, Muhammad Fikry
Aliansi Vol 4, No 1 (2025): Aliansi : Jurnal Politik, Keamanan Dan Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/aliansi.v4i1.63600

Abstract

This article applies topic modeling to examine the discussion on economic development and democracy in United Nations General Debates over time and finds their spread across different countries. To achieve that aim, this article uses openly available debate transcripts from 1970 to 2016 to explore how distributed economic development and democracy are in the debates. Then, this article identifies the key themes of economy and democracy discussed throughout these debates using BERTopic as the topic modeling framework. By doing that, this article provides insights into the extent to which United Nations member states articulate economic progress with democracy based on common keywords and their patterns from the topic modeling. The main finding is that the intertwining between economic development and democracy issues emerges as the comprehensive development agenda became more prominent, such as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2000 and their transition to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015. That contributes to knowing how economy and democracy emerge as a concern in the United Nations, the biggest platform for multilateral diplomacy.
The Restive Margins: Comparing the Causes and Resolution of Indonesia’s Regional Rebellions of Aceh and East Timor Lanti, Irman Gurmilang; Anshori, Muhammad Fikry; Sudirman, Arfin
International Journal of Science and Society Vol 6 No 4 (2024): International Journal of Science and Society (IJSOC)
Publisher : GoAcademica Research & Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54783/ijsoc.v6i4.1303

Abstract

This article compares and contrasts the handling of separatist movements and regional rebellions in Indonesia. As a plural society, the Indonesian state has encountered challenges from its margins almost since its birth. However, the challenges do not necessarily always come in the form of secessionism. Some regionally based rebellions also sought to change the state foundation or the way to run the state. This article examines two cases of regional rebellions throughout the nation’s history, i.e., Aceh and East Timor. It contends that Indonesia’s margins revolted from the combination of deprivation factors, such as ideological, economic, political, and identity, which got sidelined as Indonesia spurred on the nation-building effort. The handling of the rebellions has also been varied, with military suppression as the default approach before Reformasi. Reformasi has widened the range of choices of the state in dealing with the separatist challenges.
Co-Authors Arfin Sudirman Effendi, Mutiara Rachmadini Lanti, Irman Gurmilang