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ARCA BATU SAKE: PENJAGA BUKIT BERIBIT (SAKÉ STONE STATUE: THE KEEPER OF BUKIT BERIBIT) Kusmartono, Vida Pervaya Rusianti; Hindarto, Imam
Kindai Etam: Jurnal Penelitian Arkeologi Vol 5, No 1 (2019): Kindai Etam Volume 5 Nomor 1 November 2019
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (5470.315 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/ke.v5i1.50

Abstract

Pada waktu manusia mulai sadar bahwa terdapat hakikat di alam semesta yang lebih ?besar? dan ?berkuasa? yang dapat mempengaruhi kelangsungan hidupnya, manusia berupaya untuk dapat mempersonifikasikan ?kekuatan? tersebut. Upaya personifikasi ini ditujukan agar ?kekuatan? alam lebih bersifat teraba oleh indera manusia. Wujud personifikasi tersebut dapat berupa struktur, gambar arang, lukisan cadas, atau arca, yang dijumpai di situs-situs gua atau situs terbuka di Nusantara. Salah satu wujud personifikasi alam yang ditemukan di Bukit Beribit di pedalaman hutan Sintang di bagian barat Kalimantan adalah arca Sake. Gejala yang menarik dari arca Sake ini adalah sosok dan sifat kesendiriannya, di tengah belantara hutan hujan tropis di lembah selatan Pegunungan Müller, tanpa didampingi komponen lain yang mendukung keberadaannya. Arca Sake ini berupa bentukan monolit vulkanis setinggi 2 meter, dan disebut sebagai ?batu Tenavak? oleh masyarakat Ot Danum. Arca serupa belum ditemukan di kawasan lain di Kalimantan. Apakah sebenarnya arca Sake ini? Etnohistori menyebutkan dua versi tentang arca tersebut, yaitu sebagai tanda mata perkawinan Rikai kepada Panjan, dan sebagai perisai spiritual atas serangan musuh terhadap etnis Ot Danum. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif dengan penalaran induktif. Penalaran tersebut diuraikan dengan cara menggambarkan secara rinci data yang telah dikumpulkan, merekamnya secara verbal dan piktoral, dianalisis, untuk selanjutnya disintesiskan. Arca Sake diinterpretasikan sebagai figur arca penjaga, yang konsep pengarcaannya mengambil unsur campuran wujud binatang-binatang amfibi dan reptil dari konsep religi tua, dan berfungsi menjaga kawasan hutan Bukit Beribit.When human began to realize that there was an entity in the universe that was 'bigger' and 'powerful' that can affect their survival, human strived to personify such 'power'. This effort was intended so that the 'strength' of nature was more tangible to human senses. Such personification can take the form of structures, charcoal drawings, rock paintings, or statues, which can be found in cave sites or open sites in Nusantara. One manifestation of this nature personification found at Bukit Beribit in the depths of the Sintang forest in western Kalimantan is the Sake stone statue. An interesting phenomenon about the Sake stone statue is its form and solitariness, in the midst of tropical rainforests in the southern valley of Pegunungan Müller, unaccompanied by components that support its existence. The Sake stone statue is of a volcanic monolith as high as 2 meters, and is called the 'Tenavak stone' by the Ot Danum community. Similar statues have not been found in other regions of Kalimantan. What exactly is the Sake stone statue? The Ot Danum ethnohistory mentions two versions of its identity, i.e. as a dowry from Rikai to Panjan, and as a spiritual shield to prevent the Ot Danum from enemy attacks. This research was conducted using qualitative-descriptive methods with inductive reasoning. The arguments were described by depicting the collected data in detail, recording them verbally and pictorially, analysed and eventually synthesized them. The Sake stone statue was interpreted as a figure of a keeper, where the sculpture takes on an element of mixture of animals amphibian and reptile from old religious concepts, and serves to protect the forest region of Bukit Beribit.
Predictive Modeling of Cave Settlements In Karst Area of Kapuas Basin, West Kalimantan Hafsari, Ni Luh Gde Dyah Mega; Kusmartono, Vida Pervaya Rusianti; Wibisono, M. Wishnu
KALPATARU Vol. 32 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/kpt.2023.278

Abstract

Starting in the 1970s, the captivating archaeological potency in the tropical rainforest area of West Kalimantan started to be revealed. Since then, several expeditions and research had been conducted by The National Research Center for Archaeology and Archaeology Office in South Kalimantan. One of them was an exploration and excavation led by Vida P.R. Kusmartono from 2013-2019. Previous studies have shown that the area of Upper Kapuas Basin possesses numerous archaeological resources, however, many of the areas remain uncovered. This condition is caused by the extensiveness and difficulty of this area to be reached. For that reason, in 2020, we created a predictive model to give an overview of the probability of archaeological caves in this area. This predictive model uses environmental variables and is based on the hypothesis of the environmental resources variables in choosing cave settlements in the prehistory era. The variables used are the elevation of the valley, the proximity distance from the water source, the steepness of the slope, the direction of the slope, and the lineament density. Analysis of the variable elevation of the valley, proximity distance from the water source, and the steepness of the slope produced a map of accessibility. This map was then integrated with the lineament density variable and considered the direction of the slope to produce a map of potential areas for cave settlements.
AGTA AND PUNAN: SURVIVING HUNTER-GATHERERS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA (AGTA DAN PUNAN: SISA-SISA POPULASI PEMBURU DAN PERAMU DI ASIA TENGGARA) Kusmartono, Vida Pervaya Rusianti
AMERTA Vol. 24 No. 1 (2006)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

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Abstract

MAYORITAS KERAMIK YUAN DI TROWULAN: KONTRA REALITA HUBUNGAN MAJAPAHIT €“ CINA PADA ABAD KE 13-15 MASEHI Kusmartono, Vida Pervaya Rusianti
Berkala Arkeologi Vol. 22 No. 1 (2002)
Publisher : BRIN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30883/jba.v22i1.847

Abstract

The Majapahit Empire and its relationship with China demonstrated the implementation of policies that did not always work harmoniously. This is inseparable from the background conditions of each kingdom. Political instability, both at home and abroad, was marked by misunderstandings, rebellions or wars and the severance of bilateral relations between Majapahit and China. However, archaeological data show an interesting phenomenon that political factors do not have a significant impact on socio-economic aspects. Yuan ceramics that were found in abundance at the Trowulan Site - especially in the Nglinguk, Sentonorejo, and Pendopo Agung Sectors - prove that exchange or trading activities continue to be effective. The continuation of this activity is thought to have occurred due to the use of two methods of exchange / trade, namely legal and illegal, which were carried out by traders who often stopped by in Majapahit.