<![CDATA[Pendahuluan. Daun biduri (Calotropis gigantea) digunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai obat tradisional khususnya mengobati sakit gigi. Ekstrak daun biduri diketahui memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid, triterpene glycosides, abrin, dan alkaloids. Salah satu syarat untuk menjadikan tanaman obat sebagai sediaan farmasi diperlukan standarisasi cemaran mikroba dan uji antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis aktivitas antibakteri dan cemaran mikroba daun biduri. Metode: Uji cemaran mikroba menggunakan metode angka lempeng total bakteri dan kapang. Sedangkan uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi cakram dengan konsentrasi ekstrak daun biduri 15%, 20%, 25% dan 30% terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan Porphyromonas gingivalis. Data untuk uji aktivitas antibakteri dianalisis menggunakan Anova One Way sedangkan untuk uji cemaran mikroba menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dibandingkan dengan standar cemaran mikroba berdasarkan Peraturan Kepala Bidang Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM). Hasil: Uji antibakteri terhadap S. mutans menunjukkan hasil zona hambat kategori sedang, dengan rata-rata diameter zona hambat dari kontrol negatif (0 mm), konsentrasi 15% (8,94 mm), 20% (9,05 mm), 25% (9,65 mm), 30% (9,79 mm), dan kontrol positif (22,43 mm). Sedangkan pada P. gingivalis tidak ada zona hambat. Hasil uji statistik didapatkan nilai signifikansi p=0,00 (p<0,05). Hasil uji cemaran mikroba menunjukkan hasil perhitungan jumlah bakteri 13.300 cfu/gram dan tidak ditemukan pertumbuhan kapang. Simpulan: Ekstrak daun biduri memiliki daya hambat terhadap Streptococcus mutans, tetapi tidak memiliki daya hambat terhadap Porphyromonas gingivalis. Cemaran ekstrak daun biduri masih memenuhi syarat batas cemaran sesuai standar bahan baku obat herbal.Antibacterial Activity Test and Microbial Contamination of Biduri Leaves (Calotropis gigantea L.) according to Quality Standards for Herbal Medicine: Experimental Laboratory StudiIntroduction. Biduri leaves (Calotropis gigantea) are used by the community as traditional medicine, especially to treat toothache. Biduri leaf extract is known to contain flavonoid, triterpene glycosides, abrin, and alkaloids. One of the requirements for making medicinal plants as pharmaceutical preparations requires standardization of microbial contamination and antibacterial test. Objective: to analyze the antibacterial activity and microbial contamination of biduri leaves. Method: The microbial contamination test uses the total bacterial and fungal plate count method. While the antibacterial activity test uses the disc diffusion method on 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% biduri leaf extract against Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Data for antibacterial activity test were analyzed using Anova One Way while for microbial contamination test using quantitative descriptive method and compared with microbial contamination in accordance with Regulation of Head of Drug and Food Supervisory Division (BPOM). Results: Antibacterial test against S. mutans showed moderate inhibition zone result, with average diameter of inhibition zone from negative control (0 mm), concentration 15% (8,94 mm), 20% (9,05 mm), 25% (9,65 mm), 30% (9,79 mm), and positive control (22,43 mm). Meanwhile, in P. gingivalis there is no inhibition zone. Statistical test result obtained significance value p=0.00 (p<0.05). Microbial contamination test result showed bacterial count result 13,300 cfu/gram and no mold growth was found. Conclusion: Biduri leaf extract has inhibition against S. mutans, but has no inhibition against P. gingivalis. The contamination of Biduri leaf extract still meets the contamination limit according to the standard of herbal medicinal raw materials.]]>
