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Palebangan, Hendra
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Automotive Engineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Transportation

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Analisis Kapal Berbahan Bakar LNG sebagai Marine Fuel dalam Mengurangi Emisi Gas Buang Terhadap Lalu Lintas Kapal di Pelabuhan Bitung Palebangan, Hendra
Warta Penelitian Perhubungan Vol. 31 No. 1 (2019): Warta Penelitian Perhubungan
Publisher : Sekretariat Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perhubungan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1087.52 KB) | DOI: 10.25104/warlit.v31i1.912

Abstract

Analysis of LNG-Fueled Vessels as Marine Fuel in Reducing Exhaust Emissions Towards Ship Traffic in Bitung Port: The government has a program to convert ship fuel from oil to natural gas aiming to improve the efficiency of sea transportation services. The expansion of the use of natural gas in the maritime sector will reduce the dependence of fuel oil that has been used by ships in Indonesia. On the other hand, natural gas can be used for all sectors: industries, power plants, households, etc. This case is expected to be in line with the level of emissions from this sector so that it can be suppressed to be environmentally friendly rather than using fossil fuels. The limitation of the study is set for marine vessels with the assumption of 1,100 samples of different types of ship sizes using fuel oil (MGO). It is assumed that each ship will spend one day (24 hours) in Bitung port for waiting to dock and three days (72 hours) to do loading and unloading. As a result, the assumption of total activity time is +96 hours for each ship. The activities show the number of working hours of Auxiliary Engine (AE). During the anchored, ship has taken out 9,128.4 tons of emissions (CO, NOx, SOx and PM) to the atmosphere which causes air pollution. The analysis also shows that the emissions of ships docking and anchoring in ports set external factor costs of around 7,080,815 USD that has an economic impact on Bitung Port, community, and environment Keywords: Bunkering, ports, LNG, sea transportation, eastern Indonesia. Pemerintah mempunyai program konversi bahan bakar kapal dari minyak ke gas alam yang bertujuan untuk memperbaiki efisiensi layanan transportasi laut. Perluasan penggunaan gas alam di sektor maritim akan mengurangi ketergantungan Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) yang telah digunakan oleh kapal-kapal di Indonesia. Di sisi lain, gas alam bisa digunakan di seluruh sektor, seperti industri, pembangkit tenaga listrik, hingga rumah tangga. Kasus ini diharapkan sejalan dengan tingkat emisi dari sektor ini untuk bisa ditekan menjadi ramah lingkungan daripada menggunakan bahan bakar fosil. Penelitian ini dibatasi pada kapal laut dengan jumlah kapal yang diasumsikan sebanyak 1.100 sampel dari berbagai jenis ukuran kapal berbeda yang menggunakan bahan bakar BBM (MGO). Pengasumsian setiap kapal akan menghabiskan satu hari (24 jam) di Pelabuhan Bitung untuk menunggu berlabuh dan tiga hari (72 jam) untuk melakukan bongkar muat. Sehingga asumsi total waktu aktivitas yaitu +96 jam untuk setiap kapal.  Waktu aktivitas menunjukkan jumlah jam kerja mesin bantu (AE) dimana selama kapal berlabuh telah mengeluarkan 9.128,4 ton emisi (CO, NOx, SOx dan PM) ke atmosfer yang menyebabkan polusi udara. Analisis tersebut juga menunjukkan bahwa emisi kapal-kapal yang jangkar dan sandar di pelabuhan telah menempatkan biaya faktor eksternal sekitar 7.080.815 USD sehingga memiliki dampak ekonomi terhadap Pelabuhan Bitung, masyarakat, dan lingkungan.Kata kunci: Bunkering, pelabuhan, LNG, transportasi laut, kawasan timur indonesia.  
The influence of battery-powered engine on the reduction of carbon dioxide production from fishing boats Octaviani, Nilam Sari; Waskito, Dwitya Harits; Iskendar, Iskendar; Muis, Abdul; Fuadi, Noor Muhammad Ridha; Muhajirin, Muhajirin; Palebangan, Hendra; Ismoyo, Kunto; Kartikasari, Dewi; Gutami, Nanda Itohasi; Ajidarmo, Kusno
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology Vol 14, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/j.mev.2023.v14.208-214

Abstract

Several technologies are currently being applied in the maritime industry to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. An example is the implementation of an electric propulsion system with a battery charged using a renewable energy source. Meanwhile, it is important to analyze the energy demand and the quantity of emissions reduced in a vessel after installing this system. Therefore, this study focused on analyzing the energy demand and emissions produced on fishing boats, specifically the “Sandeq” fishing boats in West Sulawesi. The primary objective was to quantify the carbon dioxide emissions reduced after the conventional engine of the vessel was replaced with an electric propulsion system. Moreover, the energy demand of the boat was estimated by analyzing the daily speed, length of voyage, and engine capacity. The results showed that six batteries were required to provide the power needed for daily operation. Furthermore, the electric propulsion system was able to reduce CO2 emission by 7.94 tons annually per ship, leading to the reduction of fuel consumption and emission taxes to approximately 10 million Rupiah annually. These results were expected to encourage stakeholders to promote the transition from conventional diesel engines to electric-powered engines.
Analisis Kapal Berbahan Bakar LNG sebagai Marine Fuel dalam Mengurangi Emisi Gas Buang Terhadap Lalu Lintas Kapal di Pelabuhan Bitung Palebangan, Hendra
Warta Penelitian Perhubungan Vol. 31 No. 1 (2019): Warta Penelitian Perhubungan
Publisher : Sekretariat Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perhubungan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25104/warlit.v31i1.912

Abstract

Analysis of LNG-Fueled Vessels as Marine Fuel in Reducing Exhaust Emissions Towards Ship Traffic in Bitung Port: The government has a program to convert ship fuel from oil to natural gas aiming to improve the efficiency of sea transportation services. The expansion of the use of natural gas in the maritime sector will reduce the dependence of fuel oil that has been used by ships in Indonesia. On the other hand, natural gas can be used for all sectors: industries, power plants, households, etc. This case is expected to be in line with the level of emissions from this sector so that it can be suppressed to be environmentally friendly rather than using fossil fuels. The limitation of the study is set for marine vessels with the assumption of 1,100 samples of different types of ship sizes using fuel oil (MGO). It is assumed that each ship will spend one day (24 hours) in Bitung port for waiting to dock and three days (72 hours) to do loading and unloading. As a result, the assumption of total activity time is +96 hours for each ship. The activities show the number of working hours of Auxiliary Engine (AE). During the anchored, ship has taken out 9,128.4 tons of emissions (CO, NOx, SOx and PM) to the atmosphere which causes air pollution. The analysis also shows that the emissions of ships docking and anchoring in ports set external factor costs of around 7,080,815 USD that has an economic impact on Bitung Port, community, and environment Keywords: Bunkering, ports, LNG, sea transportation, eastern Indonesia. Pemerintah mempunyai program konversi bahan bakar kapal dari minyak ke gas alam yang bertujuan untuk memperbaiki efisiensi layanan transportasi laut. Perluasan penggunaan gas alam di sektor maritim akan mengurangi ketergantungan Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) yang telah digunakan oleh kapal-kapal di Indonesia. Di sisi lain, gas alam bisa digunakan di seluruh sektor, seperti industri, pembangkit tenaga listrik, hingga rumah tangga. Kasus ini diharapkan sejalan dengan tingkat emisi dari sektor ini untuk bisa ditekan menjadi ramah lingkungan daripada menggunakan bahan bakar fosil. Penelitian ini dibatasi pada kapal laut dengan jumlah kapal yang diasumsikan sebanyak 1.100 sampel dari berbagai jenis ukuran kapal berbeda yang menggunakan bahan bakar BBM (MGO). Pengasumsian setiap kapal akan menghabiskan satu hari (24 jam) di Pelabuhan Bitung untuk menunggu berlabuh dan tiga hari (72 jam) untuk melakukan bongkar muat. Sehingga asumsi total waktu aktivitas yaitu +96 jam untuk setiap kapal.  Waktu aktivitas menunjukkan jumlah jam kerja mesin bantu (AE) dimana selama kapal berlabuh telah mengeluarkan 9.128,4 ton emisi (CO, NOx, SOx dan PM) ke atmosfer yang menyebabkan polusi udara. Analisis tersebut juga menunjukkan bahwa emisi kapal-kapal yang jangkar dan sandar di pelabuhan telah menempatkan biaya faktor eksternal sekitar 7.080.815 USD sehingga memiliki dampak ekonomi terhadap Pelabuhan Bitung, masyarakat, dan lingkungan.Kata kunci: Bunkering, pelabuhan, LNG, transportasi laut, kawasan timur indonesia.  
Co-Authors AA Sudharmawan, AA Abdul Muis Ajidarmo, Kusno Dewi Kartikasari Fuadi, Noor Muhammad Ridha Gutami, Nanda Itohasi Iskendar Iskendar Ismoyo, Kunto Octaviani, Nilam Sari Waskito, Dwitya Harits