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Sanitasi dan Dampaknya bagi Kesehatan: Studi dari Pesantren Fahham, Achmad Muchaddam
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 10, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

According to the United Nations, sanitation is one of the basic human rights. Sanitation impacts the quality of human life, including in Islamic boarding schools - institutions that organized Islamic religious education. The Islamic boarding houses should meet the sanitation standard to create a conducive environment for the students. This study was conducted using a qualitative method to determine sanitation conditions of Islamic boarding school, the impact of sanitation on the school to students' health conditions, and government policies on sanitation problems faced by the boarding school. Data collection were conducted using in-depth interviews and literature studies, which then analyzed by reducing techniques and drawing conclusions. The study concluded that most Islamic boarding schools in various regions in Indonesia do not have sanitation that met health standards. These conditions have an impact on the health of the students. Many of them have been exposed to scabies, diarrhea, and there were students who have been affected by ARI. There are two government policies implemented to help Islamic boarding schools dealing with sanitation problems: boarding schools health program of the ministry of health and eco-pesantren program of the ministry of environment. However, not all Islamic boarding school have access to any one of these programs. Thus, the government needs to expand the coverage of the boarding school health program and eco-pesantren program. AbtrakMenurut Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa sanitasi merupakan salah satu hak asasi manusia. Sanitasi memengaruhi kualitas hidup manusia, termasuk di pesantren yang merupakan institusi penyelenggaran pendidikan keagamaan Islam. Di pondok tempat tinggal santri seyogyanya memenuhi standar sanitasi agar santri dapat beraktivitas dengan nyaman sesuai dengan tuntunan Islam. Studi ini dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif untuk mengetahui kondisi sanitasi pesantren, dampak sanitasi pesantren terhadap kesehatan santri, dan kebijakan pemerintah terhadap masalah sanitasi yang dihadapi oleh pesantren. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dan studi literatur, yang kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik reduksi dan penarikan kesimpulan. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar pesantren di berbagai wilayah di Indonesia belum memiliki sanitasi yang memenuhi syarat kesehatan. Kondisi sanitasi yang belum memenuhi syarat kesehatan tersebut memiliki dampak bagi kesehatan santri. Banyak santri yang pernah terkena skabies, diare, dan Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA). Ada dua kebijakan pemerintah yang dilaksanakan untuk membantu pesantren keluar dari masalah sanitasi yang dihadapinya, yakni Pos Kesehatan Pesantren dari Kementerian Kesehatan dan eco-pesantren Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. Namun, belum semua pesantren dapat mengakses salah satu kebijakan tersebut. Untuk itu, Pemerintah perlu meningkatkan jangkauan program pos kesehatan pesantren dan eco-pesantren.

IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM BERBASIS AFEKSI DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA Fahham, Achmad Muchaddam
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 3, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

Islamic Religious Education in Public Schools aims at providing an understanding of religion to students and at the same time instilling the noble values of religion and mold them into a person who believes and fear Allah, as well as noble, critical, independent, innovative, tolerant, and responsible. However, the instructional practices of Islamic religious education in schools are likely more important for the mastery of the teachings of Islam and ignore the cultivation of cognitive values and habituation of students to run the Islam religion. The practice is often judged by the observer of education as a form of fundamental weakness of Islamic religious education in schools, because of Islamic religious education instructional practices for students only produce a “good faith” rather than learners who “righteous and noble.” To overcome theweakness of such Islamic religious education instructional practices, the city of Yogyakarta apply affection-based Islamic religious learning in elementary school, junior high schools, and high school. Affection-Based Islamic Religious Education aims at forming students who believe and fear Allah, as well as with morality in school life, family, community, and the State.

Dinamika Hubungan Antarumat Beragama: Pola Hubungan Muslim dan Hindu di Bali Fahham, Achmad Muchaddam
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 9, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

In 2015, in terms of religious harmony in Indonesia, Bali Province was ranked second. The province of Bali received a score of 81.6 percent and was under the province of NTT which obtained a value of 83.3 percent. The acquisition of the harmony index shows that generally the relationship between religious believers in Bali is harmonious. Nevertheless, this does not mean that Bali is protected from the problems of relations between religious believers. This study aims to explain the pattern of relations between Islamic and Hindu communities in Bali. This study uses a qualitative approach, the data is collected through literature studies and interviews with several informants who are selected purposively. The findings obtained show that the pattern of relations between Muslim and Hindu followers is not single, but diverse. There are associative patterns and there are also patterns of disassociative relationships. Associative relationships are divided into three, namely cooperation, accommodating, and tolerance, while associative relationships are divided into two, namely competitive and conflict. Factors that encourage the birth of associative relationships are historical factors, economic interests, and integration factors. On the other side, the determinants of the birth of a disassociative relationship are factors of economic jealousy, lack of understanding of the teachings of Islam, communication and the strong customs implemented in Bali.Di tahun 2015, dalam hal kerukunan umat beragama di Indonesia, Provinsi Bali menempati peringkat kedua. Provinsi Bali memeroleh nilai 81,6 persen dan berada di bawah Provinsi NTT yang memeroleh nilai 83,3 persen. Perolehan indeks kerukunan tersebut menunjukkan secara umum hubungan antarumat beragama di Bali adalah harmonis. Meskipun demikian, ini bukan berarti Bali terhindar dari problema hubungan antarumat beragama. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pola hubungan antarumat Islam dan Hindu di Bali. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, data-datanya dikumpulkan melalui studi pustaka dan wawancara dengan beberapa informan yang dipilih secara purposive. Temuan yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa pola hubungan antarumat Islam dan Hindu tidak tunggal, tetapi beragam. Ada pola hubungan yang asosiatif dan ada pula pola hubungan yang disasosiatif. Hubungan yang asosiatif dipilah menjadi tiga yakni kerja sama, akomodatif, dan toleransi, sementara hubungan yang diasosiatif dibagi menjadi dua, yakni kompetitif dan konflik. Faktor yang mendorong lahirnya hubungan yang asosiatif adalah faktor historis, kepentingan ekonomi, dan faktor integrasi. Sementara faktor penentu lahirnya hubungan yang disasosiatif adalah faktor kecemburuan ekonomi, ketidakemengertian terhadap ajaran agama Islam, komunikasi dan kuatnya adat yang berlaku di Bali.

MENGKAJI KONFLIK SURIAH Fahham, Achmad Muchaddam
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 5, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

Judul Buku : Prahara Suriah: Membongkar Persekongkolan MultinasionalPenulis : Dina Y. SulaemanPenerbit : IIMan DepokTahun Terbit : 2013Jumlah Halaman : xvii, 238 halamanISBN : 978-602-8648-12-7

PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI PESANTREN Fahham, Achmad Muchaddam
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 4, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

This article is written in order to understand the characteristic of Islamic boarding school as well as to explain some values required in forming the character of students and implementation strategies of character education in Islamic boarding school. The results of this study concluded that the boarding school is an educational institution that implemented integral character education in the overall process of education and learning. Hence, it formed the typical boarding school culture that distinguishes it from other education system of non-Islamic boarding school. Values being developed in Islamic boarding school help its students in building their characters through five principles of sincerity, simplicity, independency, brotherhood guided by the spirit of religion, and freedom. In addition to that, in general, modern Islamic boarding schools have followed the path of Gontor Modern Islamic Boarding School who developed a motto of healthy, knowledgeable, and free-thinking. Those values are then being fully implemented in not only learning process, but also in the formation of Islamic boarding school culture, co-curricular activities, and extra-curricular activities.

Korelasi antara Persepsi Kualitas Layanan dengan Persepsi Korupsi Skala Kecil di Balai Diklat Keagamaan Semarang Syaifullah, Dian Hafit; Fahham, Achmad Muchaddam; Khoiriyani, Fauziah; Dani, Fatimatuz Zahro Diah Putri
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 13, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46807/aspirasi.v13i1.2989

The relationship between the level of public service quality and the level of corruption perception qualitatively requires quantitative testing. This research is correlative descriptive research using a combination method approach. Sampling techniques use purposive sampling methods. Quantitative data analysis used is a descriptive statistical analysis using Pearson's Product Moment. The service quality perception scale applied, which is closer to 4, means the better, while the corruption perception scale that is applied closer to 1 means the better. The results obtained from this study show that the level of perception of the quality of public services and the perception of corruption have a correlation coefficient value of -0.506 (moderate/strong enough). The variable dimension of service quality that has the strongest correlation with the majority of variable dimensions of corruption perception is the assurance dimension as measured from indicators of expertise and integrity of officers. Support and supervision from the government and the House of Representatives in Commission VIII are needed to improve the quality of service in the Ministry of Religious Affairs. The improvement of public services can be done in a comprehensive and integrated way.AbstrakHubungan tingkat kualitas layanan publik dengan tingkat persepsi korupsi berdasarkan riset kualitatif memerlukan pengujian kuantitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara persepsi kualitas layanan dengan persepsi korupsi di suatu layanan publik serta menganalisis hubungan dimensi kedua variabel tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan riset deskriptif korelatif menggunakan pendekatan metode kombinasi. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Analisis data kuantitatif menerapkan analisis statistik deskriptif Pearson’s Product Moment. Skala persepsi kualitas layanan yang diterapkan yaitu makin mendekati 4 bermakna makin baik, sedangkan skala persepsi korupsi yang diterapkan makin mendekati 1 bermakna makin baik. Hasil penelitian ini adalah tingkat persepsi kualitas layanan publik dan persepsi korupsi memiliki nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar -0,506 (kategori sedang/cukup kuat). Dimensi variabel kualitas layanan yang memiliki korelasi terkuat dengan mayoritas dimensi variabel persepsi korupsi adalah dimensi assurance yang diukur dari indikator keahlian dan integritas petugas. Dukungan dan pengawasan dari pemerintah dan DPR RI di Komisi VIII sangat dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanan pada satuan kerja di lingkungan Kementerian Agama. Peningkatan pelayanan publik tersebut bisa dilakukan dengan cara komprehensif dan terpadu.

PENGELOLAAN WAKAF TUNAI DI LEMBAGA PENGELOLA WAKAF DAN PERTANAHAN PENGURUS WILAYAH NAHDLATUL ULAMA DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA Fahham, Achmad Muchaddam
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 6, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

One of cash waqf management agency in Yogyakarta is Endowments and Land Management Agency Regional Board of Nahdlatul Ulama Yogyakarta. Since the year 2011, this institution has manage cash waqf to increase well-being of Muslims in the area. This study aimed to describe the reason that prompted the agency to manage cash endowments, accumulation, investment and distribution. This research is qualitative. Data were collected through library research, focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with managers the Institution of Waqf and Land Management Agency Regional Board of Nahdlatul Ulama Yogyakarta. The collected data analyzed by means of categorization, classification, and reduction, after that it concluded in accordance with the objectives of the study. The study concluded there are three reasons that drive Endowments and Land Management Agency Regional Board of Nahdlatul Ulama Special Region of Yogyakarta to manage cash endowments, namely theological, sociological and juridical reasons. Raising cash waqf is done in two stages: socialization and certification endowments. Endowments have accumulated cash is invested in deposits at the Bank Syariah BPD Yogyakarta. The value of the benefits derived from the investment funds used as a productive loan without interest. The loan funds must be returned to the Endowment and Land Management Agency PW NU DIY, so that these funds can be used by other borrowers in need. In practice, no loans were not paid off, because the refund of the loan without interest and administrative costs. In addition, the values of the benefits gained from the deposits are also used for education and health assistance.

Tantangan Pengembangan Wisata Halal di Nusa Tenggara Barat Fahham, Achmad Muchaddam
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 8, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

Since 2015 Ministry or Tourism of the Republic of Indonesia appointed three provinces in Indonesia as a halal tourist destinations. The three provinces are West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), West Sumatera and Aceh. Of the three provinces, NTB is considered to have great potential to develop halal tourism in Indonesia. There are three reasons why NTB province has great potential in developing halal tourism. First, the natural beauty that is owned by NTB is not inferior to that owned by Bali Province. Second, the majority of NTB’s population is Muslim. Third, NTB has a unique culture and religious tradition. This study describes the efforts taken and challenges faced by the NTB government in developing halal tourism in NTB. This study uses qualitative methods. The data were collected by library studies and in-depth interviews with business actors, religious leaders, and NTB administrations. This study concludes that one of the efforts of NTB Local Government in developing halal tourism is to make local regulation concerning Halal Tourism as a legal umbrella for NTB government, business actor, and society. This law regulates the halal tourism industry which includes accommodation, travel agency, restaurant and solus per aqua (SPA). The management of the halal tourism industry must follow the counsel of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Council of Ulama. Despite having been awarded as World’s Best Halal Tourism and World’s Best Halal Honeymoon Destination and have a legal umbrella for developing halal tourism, NTB Government still faces many challenges. The first challenge is convincing its citizens about the urgency of developing halal tourism in NTB, second preparation of competent human resources, third, with the acceleration of halal certification for hotel and restaurant. Fourth, synergy among stakeholders in halal certification process. And fifth, halal tourism needs to be supported by a set of legislation that can synergize all stakeholders involved in the process of halal certification.Sejak 2015 Kementerian Pariwisata Republik Indonesia menunjuk tiga provinsi di Indonesia sebagai destinasi wisata halal. Ketiga provinsi tersebut adalah Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB), Sumatera Barat, dan Aceh. Dari tiga provinsi tersebut, NTB dipandang memiliki potensi besar untuk mengembangkan wisata halal di Indonesia. Ada tiga alasan mengapa Provinsi NTB memiliki potensi besar dalam mengembangkan wisata halal. Pertama, keindahan alam yang dimiliki oleh NTB tidak kalah dengan yang dimiliki oleh Provinsi Bali. Kedua, mayoritas penduduk NTB adalah muslim. Ketiga, NTB memiliki kultur dan tradisi keagamaan yang unik. Studi ini menjelaskan upaya dan tantangan yang dihadapi oleh Pemda NTB dalam mengembangkan wisata halal di NTB. Studi ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data-datanya dikumpulkan dengan studi kepustakaan dan wawancara mendalam pelaku usaha, tokoh agama, dan Pemda NTB. Studi ini menyimpulkan salah satu upaya Pemda NTB dalam mengembangkan wisata halal adalah membuat peraturan daerah tentang Pariwisata Halal sebagai payung hukum bagi Pemda NTB, pelaku usaha, dan masyarakat. Perda ini mengatur industri wisata halal yang meliputi akomodasi, biro perjalanan, restoran, dan solus per aqua (SPA). Pengelolaan industri wisata halal itu harus mengikuti ketentuan yang telah ditetapkan oleh Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Meskipun pernah memperoleh penghargaan sebagai World’s Best Halal Tourism dan World’s Best Halal Honeymoon Destination dan telah memiliki payung hukum untuk mengembangkan wisata halal, Pemda NTB masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan, di antara tantangannya adalah pertama, meyakinkan warganya tentang urgensi pengembangan wisata halal di NTB, kedua, penyiapan sumber daya manusia yang kompeten, ketiga, percepatan sertifikasi halal bagi hotel dan restoran. Keempat, sinergi antarpemangku kepentingan dalam proses sertifikasi halal. Dan kelima, wisata halal perlu didukung oleh seperangkat peraturan perundangan yang dapat mensinergikan antarpemangku kepentingan yang terlibat dalam proses sertifikasi halal.

TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL PERUSAHAAN DAN PENERAPANNYA PADA PERUSAHAAN DI INDONESIA Fahham, Achmad Muchaddam
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 2, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

Judul Buku : Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan di Indonesia:Studi tentang Penerapan Ketentuan CSR pada Perusahaan Multinasional, Swasta Nasional dan BUMN di IndonesiaPenulis : Mukti FajarPenerbit : Pustaka Pelajar YogyakartaTahun : 2010, cetakan ITebal : xviii + 396 halaman

Sistem Religi Suku Nuaulu di Pulau Seram Maluku Tengah Fahham, Achmad Muchaddam
Jurnal Aspirasi Vol 7, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

Nuaulu is one tribe in Seram island are still adhered to their ancestral religious system until now. This study aims to explain the tribe’s religious system. By using qualitative methods, the study collected its data through library research and interviews with informants were determined purposively. The data has been collected and analyzed by reducing the data, presenting data, and draw conclusions. The study concludes, Nuaulu tribes still preserve their religious system, because it is their ethnic identity, if the religious system was missing, faded well as their ethnic identity. Nuaulu tribal religious system, contains a system of beliefs, rules of life and system of rites. The belief system Nuaulu tribe looked on their belief in the existence of supernatural powers that rule them out of the universe. The power was called by several different names, like Upuku Anahatana, Anahatana, Upu Anahatana, Upu Kuanahatan, Upu Ama, Upu Lanite, although there are differences in the denominator, what they mean by that name is God Almighty. There are five rites performed by the tribe Nuaulu, the rite of pregnancy, birth to adulthood, marriage, and death. In the belief of tribal rites Nuaulu pregnancy is necessary to save the mother and baby from evil spirits disorders. Rite birth do so the baby was born safely and keep them from evil spirits disorders. Pinomou rite performed to purify girls, rites pataheri made to deliver the boy to adulthood so that it is responsible, marriage rite was done to keep offspring, and death rites performed to deliver the spirit towards Upuku Anahatana. Nuaulu merupakan salah suku di Pulau Seram yang masih menganut sistem religi warisan leluhur mereka hingga sekarang. Studi ini bertujuan menjelaskan sistem religi suku tersebut. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, studi ini mengumpulkan data-datanya melalui studi kepustakaan dan wawancara mendalam dengan informan yang ditentukan secara purposive. Data yang sudah dikumpulkan dianalisis dengan cara mereduksi data, menyajikan data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Studi ini menyimpulkan, suku Nuaulu masih tetap melestarikan sistem religi mereka, karena ia merupakan identitas diri suku mereka, jika sistem religi itu hilang, pudar pula identitas diri suku mereka. Sistem religi suku Nuaulu, berisi sistem keyakinan, aturan-aturan hidup dan sistem ritus. Sistem keyakinan suku Nuaulu tampak pada kepercayaan mereka akan adanya kekuatan supranatural yang menguasai mereka di luar alam semesta. Kekuatan itu disebut dengan beberapa nama yang berbeda-beda, seperti Upuku Anahatana, Anahatana, Upu Anahatana, Upu Kuanahatan, Upu Ama, Upu Lanite, meskipun terdapat perbedaan penyebutan, yang mereka maksud dengan sebutan itu adalah Tuhan Yang Maha Kuasa. Ada lima ritus yang dilakukan oleh suku Nuaulu, yakni ritus kehamilan, kelahiran, menuju dewasa, perkawinan, dan kematian. Dalam kepercayaan suku Nuaulu ritus kehamilan perlu dilakukan untuk menyelamatkan sang ibu dan bayi dari gangguan roh-roh jahat. Ritus kelahiran dilakukan agar bayi lahir dengan selamat dan menghindarkannya dari gangguan roh-roh jahat. Ritus pinomou dilakukan untuk menyucikan anak perempuan, ritus pataheri dilakukan untuk mengantarkan anak laki-laki menuju dewasa agar ia bertanggung jawab, ritus perkawinan dilakukan untuk menjaga keturunan, dan ritus kematian dilakukan untuk mengantarkan roh menuju Upuku Anahatana.

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