Eddy Zulfikar
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Vaksin Pneumokokus Berbasis Protein (Pneumococcal Protein Vaccine: PPrV) Model Trivalent Terkonjugasi Adjuvan Aluminium dengan Administrasi Intranasal sebagai Metode Vaksinasi Terbaru untuk Pencegahan Pneumonia pada Balita Eddy Zulfikar; Farhan Naufal Arif; Imam Hermansyah
SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2019): SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (666.859 KB) | DOI: 10.32734/scripta.v1i`1.1158

Abstract

ABSTRAK Pneumonia merupakan penyakit infeksi pernapasan akut yang menyerang alveoli paru-paru. Menurut WHO, Pneumonia merupakan penyebab utama kematian pada balita di seluruh dunia. Saat ini, vaksin pneumokokus konjugat (Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine: PCV) dijadikan sebagai vaksin utama yang direkomendasikan untuk mencegah pneumonia pada balita. Namun, nyatanya PCV masih memiliki banyak keterbatasan dikarenakan komposisi serotype-nya. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan inovasi terbaru terkait dengan vaksin beserta metode yang lebih efektif dalam program vaksinasi pneumonia pada balita. Untuk mengetahui jenis vaksin beserta metode administrasi yang efektif untuk mencegah pneumonia pada balita. Literature review ini disusun berdasarkan metode studi pustaka dengan cara mengumpulkan berbagai referensi yang valid mengenai efektivitas vaksin pneumokokus berbasis protein (PPrV) model trivalent (PhtD, PcpA, dan PlyD1) dengan adjuvan aluminium dengan metode administrasi secara intranasal sebagai metode vaksinasi terbaru untuk mencegah pneumonia pada balita. Pada bayi (42-49 hari) maupun batita (12-13 bulan), vaksinasi dengan PPrV mampu meningkatkan konsentrasi antibodi terhadap ketiga antigen protein yang diujikan. Untuk respon antibodi yang maksimal, pada bayi diperlukan adanya penambahan adjuvan aluminium dengan tiga kali tahapan vaksinasi menggunakan formula antigen protein sebesar 25µg atau 50µg. Sedangkan untuk batita, peningkatan antibodi yang signifikan dapat diperoleh melalui vaksinasi dosis tunggal dengan formula 50 µg dengan adjuvan yang sama. Administrasi PPrV secara intranasal dipilih karena mampu menginduksi imunitas mukosa dengan respon memori sel B dan sel T dalam jangka waktu yang lebih lama, serta meminimalisir efek samping dan rasa sakit. Penggunaan PPrV model trivalent (PhtD, PcpA, dan PlyD1) dengan adjuvan aluminiumdengan metode administrasi secara intranasal, mampu meningkatkan konsentrasi antibodi bayi maupun batita sebanyak dua hingga empat kali lipat, mampu menginduksi sistem imun mukosa dengan respon sel memori yang lebih lama, juga minim efek samping dan rasa sakit saat vaksinasi. Kata Kunci: administrasi intranasal, aluminium, pneumonia, PPrv, trivalent ABSTRACT Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that attacks the lung alveoli. According to WHO, pneumonia is the main cause of death in children under five years old in the world. Currently, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) is used as the main vaccine that recommended for preventing pneumonia in infants. However, in fact PCV still has many limitations due to its serotype composition. Therefore, the latest innovations related to vaccines are needed along with more effective methods in pneumonia vaccination programs in infants. To find out the type of vaccine and the effective method of administration to prevent pneumonia in infants. Literature review was compiled based on literature study method by collecting valid references on the effectiveness of trivalent model (PhtD, PcpA, and PlyD1) protein-based pneumococcal vaccine (PPrV) with aluminum adjuvant by intranasal administration as the latest vaccination method to prevent pneumonia in infants. In infants (42-49 days) and toddlers (12-13 months), vaccination with PPrV is able to increase the concentration of antibodies against all three protein antigens that tested. For the maximum antibody response, an infant is required to add aluminum adjuvants with three stages of vaccination using a formula of 25µg or 50µg protein antigen. Intranasal administrationPPrV is chosen because it is able to induce mucosal immunity with a longer memory response of B cells and T cells in a period of time, and minimize the side effects and pain. As for toddlers, the significant increase in antibodies can be obtained through a single dose vaccination with a 50 µg formula with the same adjuvant. The use of trivalent PPrV models (PhtD, PcpA, and PlyD1) with aluminum adjuvants by intranasal administration method, can increase the concentration of antibodies in infants and toddlers from two to four times, able to induce the mucosal immune system with a longer memory cell response, and make minimum side effects also pain during vaccination. Keywords: aluminum,intranasal administration, pneumonia, PPrV,trivalent
Pengaruh Radioterapi Terhadap Parameter Hasil Pemeriksaan Darah Lengkap Pasien Karsinoma Nasofaring di Rumah Sakit Pendidikan Universitas Hasanuddin Periode 2016-2018 imam hermansyah; Eddy Zulfikar; Aton Prasetya Sibala'; William Chandra Papendang; Ahmad Fachry Toaha; Yuyun Widaningsih
JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 9 No 1 (2021): JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia Volume 9.1 Edisi Maret - Juli
Publisher : BAPIN-ISMKI (Badan Analisis Pengembangan Ilmiah Nasional - Ikatan Senat Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53366/jimki.v9i1.361

Abstract

ABSTRACT Itroduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common malignancies in the head and neck areas. Recently, radiotherapy remain to be the treatment of choice for NPC, especially for the loco-regional type that hasn’t extend into distant metastasis. However, radiotherapy may cause side effect on the hematopoietic system, which has made complete blood tests mandatory for NPC patient that undergo radiotherapy treatment. Unfortunately, data regarding the effect of radiotherapy on complete blood test parameter of NPC patients are still very limited in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the effect of radiotherapy on the hematopoietic system in NPC patient based on the leukocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, and platelet count. Method: This study was an observational analytic study with cross sectional design using medical records of NPC patients that undergo full cycle of radiotherapy at the Teaching Hospital of Hasanuddin University in 2016-2018. The collected data analysed by using Friedman method. Results: Of the 41 patients included in this study, the mean significant difference on complete blood test parameter post-radiotherapy was only found in the leukocyte count (p<0,05) compared to the hemoglobin and platelet count variable (p>0,05). Discussion: Radiation on the bone marrow will cause a depression in the number of blood cells due to the destruction of hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor which are very sensitive to radiation. Based on the level of sensitivity to radiotherapy, leukocytes are the most radiosensitive, followed by platelets then erythrocytes. Conclusion: Radiotherapy has a significant effect on the changes of leukocyte count in patients with NPC. Keywords: Complete blood test, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, radiotherapy