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All Journal TEKNIK Communications in Science and Technology Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Hasil Pertanian
Kistriyani, Lilis
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Computer Science & IT Engineering

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Optimasi Multi Faktor pada Formula Karet Alam terhadap Gesekan Material Elastomer Karet Alam untuk Aplikasi Telapak Kaki Prostesis Khafidh, Muhammad; Irfan, Afi Muhammad; Suryawan, Donny; Kistriyani, Lilis; Ismail, Rifky
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 3 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i3.58024

Abstract

Indonesia is the world's second-largest producer of natural rubber. Various products can be made of natural rubber. One of them is a foot prosthesis. An essential criterion for foot prosthesis is a significant value of friction force to prevent slip during usage. The present study optimizes natural rubber formulation to obtain the largest friction force value. A pin-on-disk tribometer is used to obtain friction force values. The optimization method used in the present study is Taguchi Method Orthogonal Array L9, while the contribution of each control factor to increase friction is carried out using ANOVA analysis. Four control factors are used in this study: the type of natural rubber, the percentage of silica powder, the percentage of sulfur, and the vulcanization temperature. Each control factor has three different levels. The test results showed that the optimum formulation to obtain the highest friction value is a mixture of concentrated natural rubber and instant natural rubber, 30 phr of silica powder, 5 phr of sulfur, and 150°C of vulcanization temperature. The friction force of the optimum formulation increases by 33% compared to the baseline formulation. ANOVA analysis shows that the vulcanization temperature is the most crucial factor in increasing the friction force, contributing 62.58%.
Utilization of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) immobilized in epoxy polymer as double ion exchanger biosorbent for removal of chromium from aqueous solution Kistriyani, Lilis; Salimin, Zainus; Chafidz, Achmad
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 5 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (688.555 KB) | DOI: 10.21924/cst.5.1.2020.179

Abstract

Cation and industrial pollutant anions are removed from wastewater using organic cation and anion exchange resin. "Extracellular Polymeric Substance" (EPS) from bacterial extraction can accumulate cation and anion elements through biosorption by adsorption mechanism, ion exchange, formation of complex compounds and hydrogen bonds. EPS can be used as an biosorbent and ion exchange bioresin replacing organic resins, because EPS contains organic functional groups that are negatively charged (RCOOH, ROPO3H, ROPO3Na, ROSO3H, ROSO3Na, etc.) cation absorbers and positively charged (ROH, RCNH2HCOOH, etc.) anion absorber. EPS consists of 40-95% polysaccharide compounds, protein 1-60%, nucleic acids 1-10%, lipids 1-10% and the remaining amino acid polymers and other compounds. The tannery industry produces trivalent (Cr+3) chromium pollutants at levels of 15.2 ppm and hexavalent (CrO4-2 or Cr2O7-2) levels of 0.77 ppm which exceeds the standard quality for a total Cr of 0.6 ppm. Cr pollutants are very dangerous for human health. Research had been done on the use of immobilized EPS bioresin in epoxy polymers for chromium binding. EPS was extracted from bacterial activated sludge by centrifugation at 9000 rpm for 20 minutes at 4°C, the filtrate was EPS. The analysis showed EPS content were 16% fat, 12% carbohydrate, and 16% protein. The functional group analysis results with infrared ray spectroscopy (FTIR) showed EPS containing chemical bonds such as -CH, -OH, -NH, and -C=O which proved that EPS extraction contained RCOOH, ROH, and RCNH2HCOOH functional components which were exchanging components cations and anions. Epoxy polymers were prepared by mixing bisphenol A monomers and 1: 1 ratio epichlorohydrin. Immobilized EPS double ion exchange biorecin in epoxy polymers was prepared by mixing 200 mg EPS and 1800 mg epoxy. The binding of chromium ions in the resin was carried out by recirculating the chromium solution through a burette column filled with 2 rams of bioresin at pH 5, 6 and 7. The optimum results gave chromium ion absorption efficiency of 89.20% at pH 5. Column operations could be optimized by varied the amount of bioresin used.
Smart Packaging Based on Pectin and Anthocyanin from Purple Sweet Potato Extract (Ipomoea batatas L) with the Addition of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) Essential Oil Kistriyani, Lilis; Puspasari, Ifa; Pratiwi, Yulistia; Putri, Syifa Catur Srihadi; Rahayu, Hikmah Muji; Qothrunnada, Syifa Ayu Alsadilla
Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Hasil Pertanian Vol. 20 No. 1 (2025): Februari
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/jtphp.v20i1.10299

Abstract

Purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L) is one of the tubers that contain anthocyanin compounds because it has natural dyes. Anthocyanins derived from purple sweet potatoes have properties sensitive to changes in pH, so purple sweet potatoes are the right choice to be used as an alternative to natural dyes. Changes in pH that occur in food spoilage are the reason for making and developing smart packaging films based on pectin and anthocyanins derived from purple sweet potato extract by adding lemongrass essential oil. This research aims to determine the effect of purple sweet potato extract anthocyanin levels and kitchen lemongrass essential oil levels on the physical and pH-sensitive properties of the resulting film and determine the performance of the film produced from pectin with the addition of purple sweet potato extract anthocyanins and kitchen lemongrass essential oil as packaging. smart to monitor the freshness of chicken fillet meat. There are three methods used in this research, namely purple sweet potato extraction, film making from pectin-anthocyanin-essential, and film application from pectin-anthocyanin-essential. The research phase was purple sweet potato extract with a concentration of 0%, 10%, 20%, and essential oil 0 mL, 0.5 mL. It added 1 mL of these to the pectin film solution. We are observing color changes, mechanical properties, pH-sensitive properties of films, and film biodegradability. Then, perform measurements of light transmittance and opacity, film thickness, water content, and water vapor permeability. After that, apply a film to detect the freshness level of chicken fillet meat. This research concludes that the anthocyanin content of purple sweet potato extract and essential oil of lemongrass has a significant effect on the physical properties of the pectin-anthocyanin-essential film
Co-Authors Chafidz, Achmad Ifa Puspasari Irfan, Afi Muhammad Muhammad Khafidh Pratiwi, Yulistia Putri, Syifa Catur Srihadi Qothrunnada, Syifa Ayu Alsadilla Rahayu, Hikmah Muji Rifky Ismail Suryawan, Donny Zainus Salimin