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All Journal Journal of Tropical Soils Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal
Widyanto, Hery
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science Other

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Karakteristik Pemangsaan Larva Ischiodon sp. dan Coccinella sp. terhadap Rophalosiphum maidis pada Kondisi Laboratorium Widyanto, Hery; Mahdianto, Choirul; Rahmah, Siti
Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal Vol 12, No 1 (2024): Vol 12, No 1 (2024): Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-12 “Revital
Publisher : Pusat Unggulan Riset Pengembangan Lahan Suboptimal (PUR-PLSO) Universitas Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Widyanto, H., Mahdianto, C., & Rahmah, S. (2024). Predation characteristics of Ischiodon sp. and Coccinella sp. against rophalosiphum maidis under laboratory condition. In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-12 Tahun 2024, Palembang 21 Oktober 2024. (pp. 768– 777). Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).The use of predators as biological pest control agents must consider various ecological and biological factors of the predator, one of which is the characteristics of predation which can later provide information for field applications. The aimed of this study was to observe the characteristics of predation of several types of predators on the density of Rophalosiphum maidis prey. This study was conducted using three types of predators, namely Ischiodon sp. larvae, larvae and adult of Coccinella sp. with 5 levels of prey abundance, namely 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 aphids. The observations made were the duration of searching and handling prey and the functional response of each predator tested. The results showed that the searching and handling time of prey by the three predators increased as the abundance of the prey population increased. Functional responses of predator larvae Ischiodon sp., larvae and imago Coccinella sp. to prey density level treatments varied based on observation time, the type of functional response was the linear type (1st type), exponential type (2nd type) and sigmoid type (3rd type). The predation ability of the three types of predators on aphids increased along with the increase in prey population and observation time. Ischiodon sp. larvae and the adult of Coccinella sp. more effective compared to the larvae of Coccinella sp. in preying on aphids because they have a faster searching and handling time along with increasing prey density.
CO2 Emissions from Tropical Peat Soil Affected by Fertilization Husnain, .; Sipahutar, Ibrahim Adamy; Purnomo, Joko; Widyanto, Hery; Nurhayati, .
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 22 No. 1: January 2017
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2017.v22i1.1-9

Abstract

The conversion of peat soils to agricultural uses has been thought to increase CO2 emission due to several factors, including fertilization. However, evidence on the effect of fertilization on CO2emissionsfrompeat soils is rareand often inconsistence. We measured the effects of different types of fertilizer, including N, P and K sources, and clay as an ameliorant on CO2 emission from a bare peat soil in Lubuk Ogong, Riau Province. Nutrients were added in the following combinations: 0 (unfertilized plot), N source (urea), slow-release N (slow release urea), N and Psource (Urea+SP-36), N, P and K sources (urea+SP-36+KCl) and combined NPK-Clay. Fertilization resulted in a decreasein CO2 emissions compared to that prior to fertilization except when slow-release urea was applied. Decreasing of CO2 emissions was probably due to pH-related effects because the pH in the N treatment was lower than in both the control and the unfertilized plot. A decreasein the level of CO2 emissions among the treatments followed the order NPK-Clay>NP>NPK>urea>slow-release urea. Covariance analyses showed that the difference in CO2 emissions prior to treatment was not significant. The application of individual and combined treatments of N, P, K and NPK mixed with 5 Mg ha-1 clay led to significantly reduced CO2 emissions from bare peat soil in Lubuk Ogong, Riau Province. In addition to fertilization, the water table depth was the only parameter that significantly affected the CO2 emissions (P<0.05). We conclude that the application of nutrient combinations, including N, P, K and clay, could reduce CO2 emissions because these treatments maintain a balanced nutritional condition in the soil with respect to the microbial activity.Keywords: Amelioration, CO2 emission, fertilization, tropical peat soils   
Co-Authors . HUSNAIN . NURHAYATI AA Sudharmawan, AA Joko Purnomo Mahdianto, Choirul Sipahutar, Ibrahim Adamy