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EXCESSIVE DEBT COLLECTION BY CESSIONARIES IN ISLAMIC FINANCE DISPUTES: SUBSTANTIVE JUSTICE AND SHARIA ECONOMIC LAW ANALYSIS Muhammad Rakhmat Alam; M. Hamidi Masykur; Nur Chanifah
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 6 (2025): November
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i6.4857

Abstract

The assignment of receivables (Cessie) acts as a strategic mechanism for Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) to manage Non-Performing Financing (NPF) and sustain liquidity. However, a significant juridical anomaly has emerged in Indonesia where the third-party assignee (Cessionary), often an unregulated individual investor, collects debts from the debtor (Cessus) at a value significantly exceeding the nominal outstanding value stated in the Cessie deed (over-collecting). This practice frequently involves capitalizing fines and imposing unilateral fees, thereby violating Sharia principles. This research rigorously analyzes the juridical validity of such excessive collection practices from the dual perspectives of Substantive Justice and Sharia Economic Law. Employing a normative legal research method with statute, conceptual, comparative, and case approaches, this study examines the stark disparity in religious court decisions and compares regulations across jurisdictions, including Indonesia, Malaysia, Kuwait, and Egypt. The findings reveal that over-collecting fundamentally violates the civil law principle of Nemo Plus Juris Ad Alium Transferre Potest Quam Ipse Habet and the Sharia prohibition of Riba (usury) and Zhulm (oppression). Through the lens of John Rawls’ theory, it breaches the Difference Principle by exacerbating the plight of the debtor as the least advantaged party. Consequently, such actions are legally void. The study recommends a regulatory formulation through the Financial Services Authority (OJK) by establishing a specific "Capping Rule" on collection rights and urges the issuance of a specific DSN-MUI Fatwa to regulate Sharia-compliant Cessie..
Legal Certainty of The Temporary Abolition of Rights Under Article 53 Paragraph (1) of Agrarian Law Alivia Febriyanti; M. Hamidi Masykur; Bambang Eko Supriyadi
YURISDIKSI : Jurnal Wacana Hukum dan Sains Vol. 21 No. 4 (2026): March In Progress
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Merdeka University Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55173/yurisdiksi.v21i4.328

Abstract

This study discusses legal certainty in the elimination of temporary rights, namely mortgage rights, profit-sharing rights, right to ride, and agricultural land lease rights, based on Article 53 paragraph (1) of the Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA). These temporary rights are a legacy of the colonial and customary systems that still give rise to legal uncertainty and agrarian conflicts. This study uses a normative-juridical approach with a literature study of laws and regulations, legal doctrine, and literature related to the principle of legal certainty. The results of the study indicate that the elimination of temporary rights must be implemented with the principle of legal certainty that emphasizes clarity of norms, consistency of application, and procedural openness. Legal certainty, as explained by Jan Michiel Otto, refers not only to the existence of written rules, but also to the effectiveness of implementation and real benefits for the community. In the context of Article 53 of the UUPA, the elimination of temporary rights must be accompanied by the transfer of rights to more permanent and registered forms of rights, such as ownership rights or use rights, thereby providing legal guarantees for farmers and the beneficiary community. This study emphasizes that the principle of legal certainty plays a strategic role in preventing arbitrary practices, reducing agrarian conflicts, and realizing social justice. With clear and consistent regulations, the elimination of temporary rights can support equitable land ownership, strengthen legal legitimacy, and improve public welfare. These findings suggest that the successful implementation of Article 53 of the UUPA depends heavily on the harmonization of written regulations, administrative practices, and public understanding of agricultural rights.
Physical And Sensory Disabilities: Legal Certainty And Justice In The Notary Profession Tiara Maharani; M. Hamidi Masykur; Arini Jauharoh
YURISDIKSI : Jurnal Wacana Hukum dan Sains Vol. 21 No. 4 (2026): March In Progress
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Merdeka University Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55173/yurisdiksi.v21i4.348

Abstract

This study examines the legal issues regarding the requirements for appointment as a Notary as regulated in Article 3 of the Notary Law (UUJN), with a focus on the regulation of physical and sensory disabilities. The background of this study is the incompleteness of norms in the UUJN which has the potential to cause legal uncertainty and discriminatory practices against persons with disabilities, both at the stage of appointing a Notary and against Notaries who experience life events that cause physical and/or sensory disabilities. The UUJN requires Notaries to be physically and mentally healthy, but does not provide explicit regulations regarding the limits and parameters of such health in relation to disabilities. This study aims to analyze the concept of physical and sensory disabilities in relation to the implementation of the Notary's authority and obligations and to formulate an ideal form of regulation to realize legal certainty and justice for all citizens. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The analysis is carried out systematically and grammatically against the UUJN, the Health Law, the Law on Persons with Disabilities, and the Human Rights Law, and is based on the theory of legal certainty and dignified justice. The research results indicate that the requirement for physical health must be interpreted functionally, focusing on a person's ability to perform the duties of a notary, rather than on absolute physical condition. An analysis of the notary's authority and obligations indicates that upper locomotor and sensory functions play an essential role, while lower locomotor functions are not decisive. Therefore, this study proposes amendments to Article 3 of the UUJN by adding norms that recognize the ability to perform the position with or without reasonable accommodation, including the use of assistive technology. Furthermore, it is necessary to regulate leave procedures, functional assessments, and evaluations for notaries who experience disabilities after being appointed.