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All Journal Jurnal Crystal : Publikasi Penelitian Kimia dan Terapannya Jurnal Ners Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian
Zahra, Iklila
AKADEMI ANALIS FARMASI DAN MAKANAN SUNAN GIRI
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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PEMERIKSAAN ANGKA LEMPENG TOTAL (ALT) DAN MOST PROBABLE NUMBER (MPN) BAKTERI Escherichia coli PADA ES BATU BALOK DAN ES BATU KRISTAL Iklila Zahra
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 8 No 1 (2019): MEDFARM : JURNAL FARMASI DAN KESEHATAN
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v8i1.13

Abstract

Latar belakang: Es batu banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat. Es batu yang ada di pasaran belum tentu aman untuk dikonsumsi yang kualitasnya rendah dan terdapat banyak bakteri salah satunya yaitu bakteri Escherichia coli.Bakteri Escherichia coli ini dapat menimbulkan berbagai macam penyakit seperti diare, mual dan muntah.Maka dari itu, perlu dilakukan pemeriksaan kualitas es batu berdasarkan segi mikrobiologi. Tujuan: untuk melihat nilai Angka Lempeng Total dan Most Probable Number bakteri Escherichia coli pada es batu balok dan es batu kristal sesuai dengan SNI 7388:2009. Metode: Sampel Es Batu berasal dari Ponorogo diambil menggunakan metode Purposive sampling . uji kualitatif berupa ALT dan kuantitatif berupa MPN. Hasil: Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan hasil Angka Lempeng Total pada sampel Es Batu Balok adalah 4511,67 koloni/ml dan pada sampel es Batu Kristal adalah 3378,33 koloni/ml. Dari hasil tersebut Angka Lempeng Total untuk sampel Es Batu balok dan Es Batu Kristal memenuhi syarat. Most Probabel Number bakteri Escherichia coli pada es batu balok adalah 31 koloni/gdan es batu kristal adalah 7 koloni/g. Dari hasil tersebut Most Probable Number pada sampel tidak memenuhi syarat berdasarkan SNI 7388:2009 tentang Batas Maksimum Cemaran Mikroba dalam Pangan yaitu ALT 1 x 10-4 koloni/g dan MPN <3/g. Simpulan dan saran: Es batu yang beredar di Ponorogo sebagian besar belum memenuhi persyaratan dan diharapkan untuk pembuat lebih memperhatikan bahan dan proses pembuatan es batu, serta untuk konsumen lebih berhati-hati dalam mengkonsumsi.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN AFRIKA (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 SECARA In Vitro IKLILA ZAHRA
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 10 No 1 (2021): MEDFARM: JURNAL FARMASI DAN KESEHATAN
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v10i1.52

Abstract

Obat tradisional merupakan bahan atau ramuan berupa tumbuhan, bahan hewan atau bahan lainnya. Salah satu contoh obat tradisional adalah Tanaman Daun Afrika (Vernonia amygdalina Del.). Daun Afrika (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) memiliki beberapa kandungan kimia seperti Flavanoid, alkaloid, tanin dan kandungan kimia lainnya yang diyakini berkhasiat untuk pengobatan beberapa penyakit seperti diabetes, hipertensi, asam urat dan antibakteri. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi antibakteri pada Escherichia coli dengan menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Hasil Penelitian : Zona hambat antibakteri pada ekstrak etanol Daun Afrika (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) didapatkan hasil yaitu pada konsentrasi 20% sebesar 7,48±017 mm; 40% sebesar 11,67±0,13 mm; 60% sebesar 14,18±0,21 mm dan 80% sebesar 16,60±0,17 mm. Daya hambat terbesar didapatkan pada konsentrasi ekstrak 80% yaitu sebesar 16,60±0,17 mm
OPTIMIZATION OF AFRICAN LEAF EXTRACT CREAM FORMULA (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) AS AN ANTIBACTERIAL Staphylococcus aureus Iklila Zahra; Ana Indrayati; Ilham Kuncahyo
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 4 (2023): Forthcoming Issue
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i4.884

Abstract

The use of natural ingredients as active medicinal substances has been developed again, one of which is African leaf extract (Vernonia amygdalina Del.), which is used as an antimicrobial bacterium against Staphylococcus aureus, which causes skin disease. The aim of this study was to compare the antibacterial activity of African leaf extracts and fractions, as well as to optimize the cream preparation formula using a factorial design with a combination of stearic acid, triethanolamine (TEA), and Adeps lanae with the critical parameters of pH, viscosity, spreadability, Franz diffusion, and KBM value. This study used experimental methods to determine the highest antibacterial activity by disc diffusion from extracts and active fractions of African leaves using solvents of different polarities. The extract or fraction with the highest antibacterial activity was formulated using a combination cream of stearic acid, triethanolamine, and adeps lanae. After obtaining the cream formula, physical testing of the cream, penetration test, and antibacterial test using macrodilution were performed, and the most optimal formula was determined using a factorial design. The extract standardization test results met both specific and non-specific parameters. In the disc diffusion antibacterial test, the highest activity was found in the African leaf extract (13.23 ± 0.757 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Variations in cream composition affect pH, viscosity, spreadability, and Franz diffusion...
OPTIMIZATION OF AFRICAN LEAF EXTRACT CREAM FORMULA (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) AS AN ANTIBACTERIAL Staphylococcus aureus Iklila Zahra; Ana Indrayati; Ilham Kuncahyo
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i4.884

Abstract

The use of natural ingredients as active medicinal substances has been developed again, one of which is African leaf extract (Vernonia amygdalina Del.), which is used as an antimicrobial bacterium against Staphylococcus aureus, which causes skin disease. The aim of this study was to compare the antibacterial activity of African leaf extracts and fractions, as well as to optimize the cream preparation formula using a factorial design with a combination of stearic acid, triethanolamine (TEA), and Adeps lanae with the critical parameters of pH, viscosity, spreadability, Franz diffusion, and KBM value. This study used experimental methods to determine the highest antibacterial activity by disc diffusion from extracts and active fractions of African leaves using solvents of different polarities. The extract or fraction with the highest antibacterial activity was formulated using a combination cream of stearic acid, triethanolamine, and adeps lanae. After obtaining the cream formula, physical testing of the cream, penetration test, and antibacterial test using macrodilution were performed, and the most optimal formula was determined using a factorial design. The extract standardization test results met both specific and non-specific parameters. In the disc diffusion antibacterial test, the highest activity was found in the African leaf extract (13.23 ± 0.757 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Variations in cream composition affect pH, viscosity, spreadability, and Franz diffusion...
Standardisasi Ekstrak dan Uji Antibakteri Fraksi Daun Afrika (Vernonia Amygdalina Del.) Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia Coli Atcc 25922 Iklila Zahra
Jurnal Ners Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): OKTOBER 2025
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jn.v9i4.50472

Abstract

Obat tradisional merupakan bahan atau ramuan berupa tumbuhan, bahan hewan atau bahan lainnya. Syarat obat tradisional salah satunya yaitu bahan baku harus terstandar menurut Farmakope Herbal Indonesia dan Materia Medika Indonesia. Salah satu contoh obat tradisional adalah tanaman daun afrika (Vernonia amygdalina Del.). Daun afrika memiliki beberapa kandungan kimia seperti flavanoid, alkaloid, tanin dan kandungan kimia lainnya yang diyakini berkhasiat untuk pengobatan beberapa penyakit seperti diabetes, hipertensi, asam urat dan antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan standardisasi ekstrak etanol daun afrika dengan menentukan parameter spesifik yang meliputi identifikasi, organoleptis dan kandungan kimia pada ekstrak, sedangkan untuk parameter non-spesifik meliputi bobot jenis, kadar air, susut pengeringan, kadar sari, kadar abu, serta untuk mengetahui potensi antibakteri ekstrak dan fraksi daun afrika pada Escherichia coli dengan menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Pengujian parameter spesifik menunjukkan hasil kandungan kimia adalah alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, steroid dan triterpenoid. Parameter non spesifik menunjukkan bobot jenis 1,21±0,03g/ml, kadar air 9,24±0,17%, susut pengeringan 9,76 ± 0,28%, kadar sari larut air 23,26 ± 1,13%, kadar sari larut etanol 13,79 ± 0,54%, kadar abu total 9,41 ± 0.09% dan kadar abu tidak larut asam 2,87 ± 0,19%. Uji antimikroba difusi cakram, didapatkan aktivitas tertinggi pada ekstrak daun afrika sebesar 17,31± 0,17mm.
OPTIMASI FORMULA KRIM EKSTRAK DAUN AFRIKA (Vernonia Amygdalina Del.) SEBAGAI ANTIJAMUR CANDIDA ALBICANS ATCC 10231 Iklila Zahra
Jurnal Crystal : Publikasi Penelitian Kimia dan Terapannya Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Literasi Artikel Penelitian Kimia
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas PGRI Banyuwangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36526/jc.v8i1.6373

Abstract

The utilization of natural materials as active pharmaceutical ingredients continues to develop, one of which is the use of Vernonia amygdalina Del. (African leaf) extract as an antimicrobial agent against Candida albicans, a fungus causing skin infections. This study aimed to determine the highest antimicrobial activity between the extract and its active fractions and to optimize a cream formulation using variations of stearic acid, triethanolamine (TEA), and adeps lanae through a factorial design method. Evaluation parameters included pH, viscosity, spreadability, Franz diffusion, and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) values. The research was conducted experimentally using the disk diffusion method to determine the highest antimicrobial activity from extracts and fractions obtained using solvents of varying polarity. The extract or fraction with the highest activity was formulated into a cream, which was then tested for physical properties, penetration, and antimicrobial activity using the macrodilution method. The results showed that the African leaf extract exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity, with an inhibition zone of 17.9 ± 2.33 mm against Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Variations in composition significantly affected pH, viscosity, spreadability, and Franz diffusion parameters. Based on the superimposed contour plot analysis, the optimal cream formulation consisted of 10 g stearic acid, 4 g TEA, and 4 g adeps lanae, achieving a cumulative Franz diffusion penetration of 12.53% and an MBC value of 25%.
Co-Authors Ana Indrayati Ilham Kuncahyo, Ilham