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All Journal Diponegoro International Medical Journal (DIMJ) IJRETINA - International Journal of Retina Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Dharma, Andhika Guna
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Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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Screening of Refractive Disorders and Eye Health Awareness: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors of Elementary School Children in Semarang Saubig, Arnila Novitasari; Nugroho, Trilaksana; Rahmi, Fifin Luthfia; Dharma, Andhika Guna
Diponegoro International Medical Journal Vol 6, No 1 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dimj.v6i1.23477

Abstract

Introduction: Refractive disorders are the leading cause of visual impairment. Uncorrected refractive errors in children can significantly impact their development, especially regarding education and psychosocial growth.Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence of refractive disorders and to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to eye health among elementary school children at SemarangMethodology: This is a descriptive study involving 200 students from SDN Wonotingal Semarang as the sample. The study included eye examinations to identify refractive disorders in students and a questionnaire to collect data on their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding eye health. Data were collected through school-based eye screening and were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 26.Results: The prevalence of refractive disorders among children at SDN Wonotingal Semarang was 14%, with Astigmatism Myopia Compositus being the most common type of refractive disorder at 67.9%. Among the 28 children with refractive disorders, the majority were 11 years old (75%). Refractive disorders were more prevalent in females (64.29%) than males (35.71%). The questionnaire data revealed that a large number of children had poor knowledge about eye health (97.9%). However, most children exhibited good attitudes (79.5%) and behaviors (66.0%) regarding eye health.Conclusion: The prevalence of refractive disorders among children at SDN Wonotingal Semarang is 14%, with Astigmatism Myopia Compositus being the most common type. A significant number of children still have poor knowledge about eye health.
GUIDELINES FOR THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY AND DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA IN INDONESIA Harley, Ohisa; Hertanto, Martin; Sembiring, Sindy Boru; Yustiarini, Ima; Susilo, Teguh; Dharma, Andhika Guna; Sjahreza, Emil; Firmansyah, M; Iskandar, Erwin; Agustiawan, Referano; Andayani, Ari; Dewi, Nadia Artha; Andayani, Gitalisa; Djatikusumo, Ari; Elvioza, Elvioza; Ichsan, Andi M; Kartasasmita, Arief S
International Journal of Retina Vol 7 No 2 (2024): International Journal of Retina (IJRetina) - INAVRS
Publisher : Indonesian Vitreoretinal Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35479/ijretina.2024.vol007.iss002.300

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) are among the microvascular complications in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) that can lead to blindness if not diagnosed early and managed appropriately. Both disorders can be diagnosed and treated using a variety of techniques. Treatment modalities include laser photocoagulation therapy, vitrectomy surgery, intraocular steroid injections, and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections. These methods can help avoid blindness when used in conjunction with metabolic control. These recommendations were created with the use of evidence-based medicine principles to help medical professionals—particularly ophthalmologists—identify and treat cases of DR and DME.The primary objective is to provide consensus recommendations and hopefully reduce the incidence of blindness caused by DR and DME in Indonesia.
The Level of Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior Regarding Cataracts of The Elderly Around The Primary Care Center Semarang Jacob, Ni Made Helen Virginia; Nugroho, Trilaksana; Dharma, Andhika Guna
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 48 No 2 (2022): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/journal.v48i2.100482

Abstract

Introduction: Cataract is the major cause of reversible blindness and visual impairment in developing countries. It has been assumed that there is poor access to information related to the cause, prevention, and treatment of cataracts in developing countries. There is also a paucity of data on knowledge, attitude, and behavior toward cataracts in Semarang. Objective: To determine the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior Regarding Cataracts of The Elderly around the Primary Care Center Semarang Method: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 40 participants in November 2019. The study participants were selected by a simple random sampling method. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire by using face-to-face interviews. The data were entered into Microsoft Excel 2016 and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. The level of statistical significance was set at a p-value less than 0.05. The Socio-demographic factor as Gender, Age, Education, Occupation, and Income set as independent variable in this study. Result: There were 40 respondents, based on questionnaire data 52,50% of respondents had good knowledge, 85% had a good attitude, and 60% had poor behavior. The Education and Knowledge (p=0,001), Education and Behavior (p=0,004), Knowledge and Behavior (0.57749p>0,5, Gender, Education and Income (p>0,05), Education and Income (p>0,05)had positive significant on the variables. Conclusion: A Good approach strategy is needed to achieve to increase public Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior like doing health promotion periodically and improving health care performance, and facilitate their availability in primary care.
Hubungan Kepatuhan Memakai Kacamata dengan Progresivitas Miopia pada Mahasiswa FK UNDIP Kingwijati, Syahriza Naufal; Wildan, Arief; Dharma, Andhika Guna; Nugroho, Trilaksana
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S1 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/hzcq9x75

Abstract

Introduction Myopia is a refractive error that causes images of distant objects to be focused in front of the retina by the non-accommodating eye. Myopia is one of the most common visual disturbances in the world. It is believed that the use of spectacle can reduce the progressivity rate of myopia. Spectacle can help light fall on the retina and prevent axial elongation of the eye. This theory needs to be investigated further so that it can be used as a reference. This study aimed to know the correlation between compliance of spectacle wear and myopia progressivity rate in medical students of Diponegoro University (UNDIP). Methods This research was an observational analytical study with cross-sectional design on 54 subjects ranging from 18 to 22 years old. Data are primary data obtained from questionnaires and objective eye examinations using an autorefractometer. The research was conducted from October to November 2021. Data were analyzed using Spearman Rank test which p<0,05 was considered significant. Results The mean of compliance of spectacle wear and myopia progressivity rate in medical students of UNDIP are (1,57±0,108) and (0,259±0,515) dioptres respectively. The correlation between compliance of spectacle wear and myopia progressivity rate are p=0,082 and r=0,239. Conclusion There are no correlation between compliance of spectacle wear and myopia progressivity rate in medical students of UNDIP. Keywords : Compliance, Spectacle, Myopia progressivity rate, Student
NEUROPROTECTIVE ROLE OF VITAMIN D3 ON GANGLION CELL-INNER PLEXIFORM LAYER THICKNESS IN NMDA-INDUCED RETINAL EXCITOTOXICITY MODEL OF GLAUCOMA: (Experimental Study on Wistar Rats Glaucoma Model with N-Methyl-D-Aspartate induction) Margareth, Ezra; Nugroho, Trilaksana; Dharma, Andhika Guna; Rahmi, Fifin L; Maharani; Istiadi, Hermawan
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/6xrxsv34

Abstract

Introduction & ObjectivesRetinal ganglion cell (RGC) damage can affect the thinning of the GCC layers, which is the nervefiber layer, the ganglion cell layer and the inner plexiform layer. The loss of RGC and inner plexiformlayer (IPL) is strongly correlated with the loss of visual field defect. RGC and inner plexiform layerare potential targets to evaluate the progression of glaucoma. Glaucoma treatment not only focus onreducing IOP. Decreasing IOP according to the target pressure often can’t stop the process of RGCdamage and make it permanently and irreversible. Vitamin D3 is known as neuroprotector which hasthe ability to protect RGC and prevent layer thinning of GC-IPL in retina. The aim of this study is todetermine the effect of oral Vitamin D3 on the GC- IPL layer thickness in retinal of Wistar rats withNMDA-induced glaucoma model. MethodsGlaucoma Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups. The treatment group was given oral Vitamin D3 ata dose of 500 IU/kgBW/day for 10 weeks. GC-IPL layer thickness in retinal was examined byHematoxylin Eosin staining. Data were collected and processed then used with Independent T Test.(significant p<0.05) ResultsThe mean GC-IPL layer Thickness in the treatment group was 77,59 ± 15,15 ?m and 35,32 ± 4,04?m in the control group. There was a significant different between two group ( p = <0,001 ) ConclusionVitamin D3 has a neuroprotective effect on ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer Wistar rats in NMDAinducedexcitotoxicity model of glaucoma
Effect of Vitamin D3 on Caspase-3 Expression of Retinal Ganglion Cell Wistar Rats with N-Methyl-D-Aspartate-induced Model of Glaucoma Mahanani, Seia; Maharani; Saubig, Arnila Novitasari; Winarto; Dharma, Andhika Guna; Hermawan
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/4zctdm27

Abstract

Introduction & ObjectivesIntroduction: Vitamin D is a neuroprotective neurosteroid hormone with antioxidant, antiinflammatoryand anti-ischemic properties that can reduce the entry of intracellular calcium,thereby reducing cytochrome-c, modulating inflammation, increasing Nitric Oxide production bysuppressing oxidative stress and activating caspase-3 activation. Excitotoxicity due to N-Methyl-DAspartatecauses caspase-3 activation due to increased calcium in cells and describes thepathogenesis of vascular factor glaucoma due to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) damage in the absenceof an increase in intraocular pressure. RGC damage can be assessed by the expression of caspase-3which is a proapoptotic agent that acts as the main effector caspase in the mechanism of apoptosis.Objective: Proving the effect of vitamin D3 on caspase-3 expression of retinal ganglion cells wistarrats in NMDA-induced glaucoma models. MethodsAn experimental study, using post-test only randomized controlled group design, was done on 14male NMDA-induced glaucoma wistar rats, divided into 2 groups. The treatment group was givenoral vitamin D3 500 IU/kgBW every 24 hours for 10 weeks, while the control group was givenaquadest. Immunohistochemistry was used to measured caspase-3 expression. Mann-Whitneyanalized non-parametric difference test (Significant p<0.05). ResultsCaspase-3 expression of retinal ganglion cell was significantly lower (p=0.004) in treatment group(mean=5,29 ± 0,76) compared to control group (mean=6,71 ± 0,49). ConclusionOral vitamin D3 has an effect on caspase-3 expression of retinal ganglion cells wistar rats in NMDAinducedglaucoma models. Further research is needed to investigate the protective role of vitaminD3 on glaucoma patients.
EFFECT OF “PERMATA-KU” EXERCISE ON THE AMPLITUDE OF ACCOMMODATION AND COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME SCORE IN COMPUTER USERS Azkadina, Amira; Nugroho, Trilaksana; Astuti, Fatimah Dyah Nur; Reki, Winarto; Dharma, Andhika Guna
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/e07wgj60

Abstract

Background and Objective: Intense and long-term computer users are at risk of suffering health problems known as computer vision syndrome (CVS) which can have an impact on physical, mental, and economic health. One of the alternative therapies developed is "PERMATA-KU" exercise to reduce complaints related to CVS. The aim of the study was to reveal the effect of "PERMATA-KU" exercise on amplitude of accommodation (AA) and Computer Vision Syndrome scores on computer users. Method: The study of a quasi-experimental with pre-post control design was done. The research subjects were divided into the “PERMATA-KU” exercise group (21 people) and the control group (19 people) with treatment for 4 weeks. CVS scores were measured using the CVS-Questionnaire and monocular AA scores were measured using the push-up method using a Berrens ruler. Mann-Whitney difference test analysis was performed. Results: The exercise group experienced a significant increase in monocular AA value (p=0.010) while the control group experienced a significant decrease in AA (p=0.025). The mean delta of monocular AA values between groups was significantly different after the intervention (p=0.001). There was a significant difference in CVS scores between the postintervention groups (p=0.006) with the mean delta CVS scores between groups being significantly different (p=0.002). There was no correlation between AA scores and CVS scores (p=0.126). Conclusion: "PERMATA-KU" exercise for 4 weeks was shown to significantly increase the value of amplitude of accommodation and decrease CVS scores, but the increase in accommodation amplitude did not correlate with a decrease in CVS scores.
EFFECT OF “SENAM PERMATA-KU” COMPARED WITH WARM COMPRESS ON THE AMPLITUDE OF ACCOMMODATION IN COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME PATIENTS Setiawan, Teguh; Nugroho, Trilaksana; Dharma, Andhika Guna; Rahmi, Fifin L.; Sadasih, Wisnu
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/425ad398

Abstract

Introduction and Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has virtually made many work activities, resulting in increased use of Visual Display Terminals (VDT) at work and home. Excessive close-range activities due to the use of VDT causes Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). Various therapies, such as ocular yoga and warm compress, have been created to reduce CVS-related complaints. Diponegoro University developed “Senam PERMATA-KU” as an alternative therapy to reduce complaints related to CVS. This study compares the effect of “Senam PERMATA-KU” and periocular warm compress on the amplitude of accommodation (AA) value in patients with CVS. Methods: The study subjects were divided into “Senam PERMATA-KU” group (22 people) and periocular warm compress group (20 people) with each treatment for two weeks. CVS score was measured using CVS-Questionnaire and AA using Prince’s rule. Both variables were assessed before and after treatment. Data were collected and analyzed using a statistical computer program. Result: “Senam PERMATA-KU” group experienced a significant increase in monocular and binocular AA (p<0.001 and p=0.006), while periocular warm compress did not show a significant difference (p=0.982 and p=0.483). The mean delta of monocular and binocular AA between groups differed significantly (p=0.001 and p=0.034). The mean CVS scores in both groups have significant improvement (p<0.001), while the mean delta CVS scores between groups was not significant (p=0.522). Conclusion: “Senam PERMATA-KU” for two weeks significantly increased monocular and binocular AA, while periocular warm compress showed no significant difference. “Senam PERMATA-KU” and periocular warm compress can significantly reduce CVS score, whereas the difference between the two is insignificant.
CORRELATION BETWEEN COMPLIANCE OF SPECTACLE WEAR AND MYOPIA PROGRESSIVITY RATE IN MEDICAL STUDENTS OF DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY Kingwijati, Syahriza Naufal; Wildan, Arief; Dharma, Andhika Guna; Nugroho, Trilaksana
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/sz8rf614

Abstract

Introduction and Objective Myopia is a refractive error that causes images of distant objects to be focused in front of the retina by the non-accommodating eye. Myopia is one of the most common visual disturbances in the world. It is believed that the use of spectacle can reduce the progressivity rate of myopia. Spectacle can help light fall on the retina and prevent axial elongation of the eye. This theory needs to be investigated further so that it can be used as a reference. This study aimed to know the correlation between compliance of spectacle wear and myopia progressivity rate in medical students of Diponegoro University (UNDIP). Methods This research was an observational analytical study with cross-sectional design on 54 subjects ranging from 18 to 22 years old. Data are primary data obtained from questionnaires and objective eye examinations using an autorefractometer. The research was conducted from October to November 2021. Data were analyzed using Spearman Rank test which p<0,05 was considered significant. Results The mean of compliance of spectacle wear and myopia progressivity rate in medical students of UNDIP are (1,57±0,108) and (0,259±0,515) dioptres respectively. The correlation between compliance of spectacle wear and myopia progressivity rate are p=0,082 and r=0,239. Conclusion There are no correlation between compliance of spectacle wear and myopia progressivity rate in medical students of UNDIP.
Co-Authors Agustiawan, Referano Amira Azkadina Andayani, Gitalisa Ari Andayani Arief S. Kartasasmita Arief Wildan, Arief Astuti, Fatimah Dyah Nur Djatikusumo, Ari Elvioza Elvioza, Elvioza Fifin L. Rahmi Fifin Luthfia Rahmi Firmansyah, M Harley, Ohisa HERMAWAN Hermawan Istiadi Ichsan, Andi M Iskandar, Erwin Jacob, Ni Made Helen Virginia Kingwijati, Syahriza Naufal Mahanani, Seia Maharani Margareth, Ezra Martin Hertanto Nadia Artha Dewi Nugroho, Trilaksana Rahmi, Fifin L Reki, Winarto Sadasih, Wisnu Saubig, Arnila Novitasari Sembiring, Sindy Boru Sjahreza, Emil Susilo, Teguh Teguh Setiawan WINARTO Yustiarini, Ima