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The Effect of Problem Based Learning Integrated E-Books to Improve Learning Motivation in Physics for High School Students Rahmasari, Alifia Azis; Zulaikha, Dewi Fairuz; Pujianto, Pujianto; Jumadi, Jumadi
Jurnal Pendidikan Progresif Vol 12, No 2 (2022): Jurnal Pendidikan Progresif
Publisher : FKIP Universitas Lampung

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Abstract

The Effect of Problem Based Learning Integrated E-Books to Improve Learning Motivation in Physics for High School Students. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of problem based learning integrated e-book to increase physics’ learning motivation of high school students. Methods: A quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group design. The research sample was taken using a random sampling technique. The sample consisted of 68 students in grade XI of State Senior High School in Randudongkal, Indonesia. They were divided into two classes, namely 34 students in the experimental class and 34 students in the control class. The students' learning motivation was measured through a questionnaire instrument based on the ARCS aspect through the google form. Findings: The results of the paired t-test analysis of motivation to learn physics in the experimental class showed a significant value with the sig 0.000. Conclusion: This showed that the use of e-books was effective in increasing students' motivation to learn physics. Keywords: physics’ e-book, problem based learning, physics’ learning motivation.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jpp.v12.i2.202213
Covid-19 Pandemic as Force Majeure: Its Enforceability on the Failure to Fulfill Contractual Obligations in Letter Of Credit Kusumawardhani, Bhuwana Fairuz
Yustisia Vol 10, No 1: April 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/yustisia.v10i1.46532

Abstract

The performance of contractual obligations holds an important role in the fulfillment of sales contracts, therefore, each parties involved would done their best to complete them. The existence of COVID-19 pandemic affected the trade sphere and could bring impediment in the form of force majeure. This research aims to find out the enforceability of COVID-19 as force majeure on the performance of sales contract and the enforceability of COVID-19 as force majeure according to UCP 600 on failure to presents complying documents. This research was conducted by using normative method and qualitative method, the latter was used to analyze the secondary data of which was collected by literature study of relevant materials. The result of this research shows that the enforceability of COVID-19 as force majeure depends on the way of sales contracts are worded and the tribunal’s interpretation on the laws and practices in international trade. The UCP 600’s force majeure clause phrasing open up the interpretation on the possibility of COVID-19 as force majeure, however, the clause cannot be enforced on the failure to presents complying documents, caused by COVID-19 or not, as it concerns the matter of Bank’s responsibility in the case of force majeure