Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2021 - 2026
0.444
P-Index
This Author published in this journals
All Journal International Journal of Education, Social Studies, And Management (IJESSM) Strata Social and Humanities Studies
Bangun, Siti Zainurrahmi Br
Unknown Affiliation
Religion Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Other

Published : 2 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 2 Documents
Search

 1 
Analysis of European Union Non-Tariff Trade Barriers on Crude Palm Oil Imports from Indonesia Bangun, Siti Zainurrahmi Br; Ridho, Muhammad Rasyid
Strata Social and Humanities Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): April
Publisher : CV. Strata Persada Academia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59631/sshs.v3i1.360

Abstract

This study examines the impact of the European Union's non-tariff trade barriers on Indonesia's crude palm oil (CPO) exports, focusing on the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) and its successor, RED II. Despite palm oil's global competitiveness due to its cost-efficiency, high yield, and multifunctional applications, the EU has increasingly restricted its imports by citing environmental concerns, particularly related to deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions. Using a qualitative case study approach, this research analyzes the form and rationale behind EU trade policies, drawing on primary and secondary data, including official government reports, stakeholder interviews, and document analysis. The study finds that RED II and its implementing regulations, such as the Delegated Act 2019, function as de facto trade barriers that significantly constrain Indonesia’s CPO export performance. These measures reflect a policy shift prioritizing sustainability and climate goals, often to the detriment of Indonesian trade interests. The findings underscore the need for Indonesia to strengthen its palm oil diplomacy, enhance the transparency of sustainability certifications, align with international standards, and diversify export destinations. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of international trade dynamics and offers strategic insights for future trade negotiations.
Indonesia’s Digital Diplomacy in Enchancing E-commerce Connectivity in ASEAN Bangun, Siti Zainurrahmi Br; Andalia, Carolina Irene
International Journal Of Education, Social Studies, And Management (IJESSM) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): The International Journal of Education, Social Studies, and Management (IJESSM)
Publisher : LPPPIPublishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52121/ijessm.v6i1.982

Abstract

This study analyzes the crucial role of Digital Diplomacy implemented by Indonesia in the specific context of optimizing and enhancing connectivity in the e-commerce sector in the ASEAN region. In facing an increasingly digitalized industrial era, Digital Diplomacy not only serves as a new communication tool for state and non-state actors but also opens up significant economic opportunities for the national digital industry. Using a qualitative descriptive approach and case studies, this study in-depth explores how Indonesia's foreign policy utilizes digital technology and the internet to achieve economic goals. The research findings demonstrate that the strategic and effective implementation of digital technology is vital in building a positive image of Indonesia in the eyes of the international community. Indonesia is positioned as a country with high trade potential, supported by a large domestic market and rapid digital economic growth, even becoming the largest in ASEAN, with a value estimated to reach $330 billion by 2030. This positive image serves as a magnet to attract foreign investment on e-commerce platforms and effectively promote local products (MSMEs) to regional and global markets. Furthermore, this study highlights that rapid advances in information and communication technology (ICT) have revolutionized international trade. Social media networks formed through ICT have enabled more accessible cross-border e-commerce, despite challenges such as shipping costs and regulations. Indonesia's Digital Diplomacy Policy, which encompasses interactions between state and non-state actors in addressing international issues, seeks to leverage these developments to facilitate regional digital integration.
Co-Authors Andalia, Carolina Irene Moh. Rasyid Ridho