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All Journal EKSAKTA: Journal of Sciences and Data Analysis JAE (Jurnal Akuntansi dan Ekonomi)
Ma'wa, Nurul Jannatul
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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PENGARUH HUTANG DAN MODAL TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS (RISET PADA PT LIPPO KARAWACI TBK) Ma'wa, Nurul Jannatul; Alwi , Alwi
JAE (JURNAL AKUNTANSI DAN EKONOMI) Vol 5 No 3 (2020): JURNAL AKUNTANSI DAN EKONOMI
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NUSANTARA PGRI KEDIRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (628.355 KB) | DOI: 10.29407/jae.v5i3.14287

Abstract

Abstract The purpose of this research is analyze the influence of debt and capital on the probability of PT Lippo Karwaci,tbk. The indicator to measure profitability using Return to Asset (ROA). Whereas, the debt using the TTD Ratio and capital ratio using debt to equity ratio (DER). The type of this research is associative. The sample of this research ten years long started from 2009-2018. The data used in this study is to use the company’s financial statement data published on the Bursa Efek Indonesia’s (BEI) website. The data used are secondary, and the method used is regression analysis that is time-series data with the help of SPSS version 20.0 to get a description of the relationship between variables.
Acute Toxicity Evaluation of Phyllanthus niruri SNEDDS Formulation According to OECD 425 Hikmah, Uzulul; Ramadani, Arba Pramundita; Canastie, Putri Julia; Ma'wa, Nurul Jannatul
EKSAKTA: Journal of Sciences and Data Analysis VOLUME 7, ISSUE 1, April 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/EKSAKTA.vol7.iss1.art2

Abstract

A self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) is a preparation that can increase the solubility of poorly soluble compounds, including Phyllanthus niruri. However, increasing solubility and bioavailability carries the risk of increased toxicity. Previous research showed that SNEDDS of Phyllanthus niruri (SNPN) at a dose of 100 mg/kgBW has hepatoprotective activity through decreasing ALT and AST enzyme levels after administering paracetamol at a dose of 3 g/kgBW in rats. However, at a dose of 200 mg/kg, ALT and AST levels increased, indicating potential toxicity. This study aims to determine the LD50 and to conduct histopathological observations of the liver and kidneys following oral administration of SNPN, in accordance with OECD 425 guidelines. Dose determination follows the recommendations of the AOT 425 StatPgm software, which includes the limit test (2000 mg/kg BW) and the main test (175, 550, and 2000 mg/kg BW), with observations made over 14 days. Next, the animals were sacrificed and necropsied to collect the liver and kidney organs for histopathological observation. LD50 determination was performed using AOT 425 StatPgm, and the level of organ damage was assessed using histopathological scoring. The result showed that the LD₅₀ value of SNPN exceeded 2000 mg/kgBW, placing it in category 5 (mild toxicity). Histopathological tests showed varying severity of changes between doses, indicating a toxic effect of SNPNadministration on the microscopic structure of the target organs. In conclusion, SNPN administration has the potential to cause mild acute toxicity, as indicated by the LD50 results and histological changes in the liver and kidneys.
Co-Authors Alwi , Alwi Arba Pramundita Ramadani Canastie, Putri Julia Hikmah, Uzulul