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All Journal International Journal of Environmental, Sustainability, and Social Science Journal of Bioprocess Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science
Sihotang, Fernando
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Social Sciences

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Redesigning the Element Profile of Air Preheater in Coal-fired power plants for Emission Reduction and Efficiency Improvement SUSILO, Sofiyan Dwi; TRISTANTO, Andhika Dwipradipta; PRASETYA, Wahyu; ICHWAN, Munirul; SIHOTANG, Fernando; INTAN, Indo; KARNYOTO, Andrea Stevens
International Journal of Environmental, Sustainability, and Social Science Vol. 5 No. 3 (2024): International Journal of Environmental, Sustainability, and Social Science (May
Publisher : PT Keberlanjutan Strategis Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38142/ijesss.v5i3.1082

Abstract

PT PLN Nusantara Power Unit Pembangkit Tanjung Awar-Awar (UPTA) is a state-owned company that supplies electricity to areas of Java and Bali. Using coal as the main fuel, UPTA currently has two mills that each has capacity of 350 MW in coal-fired mode. Since the last few years, UPTA has been focusing on bringing efficiency into its overall operations, maximizing efforts for an improved output, modernizing machinery, and reducing emissions. After conducting routine inspection and examinations, UPTA decided to improve the air preheating element, so-called air preheater (APH), as an enabling condition to heat both the primary and secondary air to a temperature required for effective combustion in a boiler. To seek for an optimal APH, a redesign project was initiated to primarily change the element profile from a distorted wavy flow path to a linear flow path. The profile surface was coated with an added "enamel" layer, which prevents ash from adhering readily. Our measurements and calculations were based upon the data collected in October 2022 (pre- implementation) and within the periods of February to June 2023 (post-implementation). As a result, the average power consumption was reduced: from over 1740 kWh per month to become around 1377 - 1535 kWh per month, or 11% - 21%, for the induced draft fan (ID Fan) and from over 1900 kWh per month to become around 1450 - 1542 kWh per month, or 19% - 29%, for the primary air fan (PA Fan).
Optimasi Bio-char Hasil Proses Katalitik Pirolisis Palm Kernel Expeller (PKE) Menggunakan Katalis NiMo/NZA dengan Pendekatan RSM Sihotang, Fernando; Bahri, Syaiful; Saputra, Edy
Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science Vol 6 No 2 (2025): Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UNRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jbchees.6.2.110-121

Abstract

The increasing demand for renewable energy sources has driven interest in biomass-based alternatives, particularly bio-char derived from palm kernel expeller (PKE), an abundant by-product of Indonesia’s palm oil industry. This study aims to optimize bio-char production through catalytic pyrolysis of PKE using a NiMo/NZA catalyst, employing a Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a Box-Behnken design. Key variables investigated include T (°C) (400–500 °C), catalyst loading (2–6%), and metal loading (0–4% wt). The NiMo/NZA catalyst was synthesized through acid activation, metal impregnation, and thermal treatment, and its structure was confirmed using FTIR analysis. Pyrolysis experiments were conducted in a fixed-bed reactor under nitrogen and hydrogen atmospheres. The highest bio-char yield of 39.38% was obtained at 400 °C with 2% catalyst and 4% metal loading. Optimization modeling using Minitab v.22 indicated that the optimal conditions were at 400 °C, 6% catalyst, and 2.91% metal loading, resulting in a predicted yield of 36.82% with a desirability of 0.979. Statistical analysis showed a significant influence of catalyst and metal loading over temperature on bio-char yield (p-value < 0.05; Adjusted R² = 0.9236). These results support the potential of catalytic pyrolysis with tailored catalysts to enhance bio-char production from palm biomass, contributing to waste valorization and renewable fuel development.
Co-Authors Edy Saputra ICHWAN, Munirul Indo Intan Karnyoto, Andrea Stevens SUSILO, Sofiyan Dwi SYAIFUL BAHRI TRISTANTO, Andhika Dwipradipta Wahyu Prasetya, Wahyu