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PRODUKSI BAHAN BAKAR CAIR DARI LEMAK SAPI MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS ZEOLIT DENGAN METODE PIROLISIS Lestari, Sutini Pujiastuti; Aswan, Arizal; Effendy, Sahrul; Febriana, Ida; Ramadhana. S, Safira Eva; Safitri, Widi; Shaskia, Bekka Alta
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 2 (2020): KINETIKA 01072020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Beef tallow is structurally a monoalkyl ester of long chain fatty acids similar to vegetable oil which are widely used as raw materials for biofuel production. The processing of beef tallow into liquid fuel is from pyrolisis process of the catalytic cracking method with 1%w/w and 5% natural zeolite catalyst. The purpose of this research is to get the best operating condition that produce the largest %yield of liquid fuel with temperature range 280-320oC and time range 60-140 minutes. The result shown that the optimum temperature is 320oC using 5% catalyst with product yield of 12.4206 %. The optimum time operation is 100 Minutes using 5% catalyst with product yield 11.51%Also the best operating condition using 1% catalyst are at temperature of 320°C and 60 minutes with11.86% of yield. Physical character from this research aredensity, kinematic viscosity,and flash point shown that liquid fuel product obtain solar. Chemical compound in liquid fuel of this research are 18.26% of gasoline fraction (C7–C11) and 41.33% of kerosene/diesel (C12–C19) for 1% catalyst and 40.67% of gasoline fraction (C7–C11) and 47.11% of kerosene/diesel (C12–C19) for 5% catalyst.
Keterlibatan ASN dalam Politik Praktis Pemilu dan Implikasinya bagi Demokrasi dalam Tinjauan Hukum Tata Negara Firdaus, Muhamad Iqbal Ansori; Safitri, Widi; Andriyanthy, Indri Zahra; Maharani
SIYASI: Jurnal Trias Politica Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Siyasi : Jurnal Trias Politica
Publisher : Prodi Hukum Tata Negara Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/sjtp.v3i1.50004

Abstract

This study examines the involvement of State Civil Apparatus (ASN) in practical electoral politics and its implications for democracy from a constitutional law perspective. ASN, as part of the state bureaucracy, are required to maintain neutrality to ensure honest, fair, and democratic elections. However, the reality on the ground shows that violations of ASN neutrality persist, manifested in support for certain candidates, both directly and through social media. The research method used is a normative juridical approach by examining laws and regulations related to ASN neutrality and case studies of violations that occurred in several elections. The results show that ASN involvement in practical politics not only violates regulations but also has negative implications for electoral integrity, the principle of equal political rights, and public trust in democracy. From a constitutional law perspective, ASN neutrality is part of the realization of the principles of the rule of law and constitutional democracy. Therefore, strengthening legal instruments, optimizing oversight functions, and implementing strict sanctions are needed to uphold ASN neutrality while strengthening the quality of democracy in Indonesia.